https://www.le.ac.uk/ge/maj4/SurnamesForWeb.pdf

In the name of the father: surnames and genetics

What's in a name? Y chromosomes, surnames and the genetic genealogy revolution

Les AA. montrent comment la production des identites legales a travers la nomination, et plus particulierement a travers l'attribution de patronymes permanents, est etroitement liee a la formation de l'Etat. Selon les AA., si les pratiques de nomination, qu'elles soient vernaculaires ou etatiques, visent a rendre lisible un paysage humain (et geographique), les techniques de standardisation administrative de l'onomastique - contrairement aux pratiques coutumieres de nomination qui s'inscrivent dans une sphere de connaissance locale -, visent a permettre a des agents etrangers d'identifier clairement les personnes (et les lieux) en dehors des contextes locaux. Les projets de lisibilite de l'Etat se superposent aux pratiques locales et s'inscrivent dans le projet etatique de controle des populations, et notamment de la propriete. Les AA. retracent d'abord l'emergence des patronymes en Europe. Ils decrivent ensuite deux exemples de nomination etatique en contexte colonial : la re-nomination des Amerindiens aux Etats-Unis, et le cas des Inuit au Canada. Finalement ils elargissent le debat aux projets etatiques modernisateurs au-dela des seules frontieres occidentales (Turquie, Chine).

https://www.jstor.org/stable/info/3879399

The Production of Legal Identities Proper to States: The Case of the Permanent Family Surname

Most heritable surnames, like Y chromosomes, are passed from father to son. These unique cultural markers of coancestry might therefore have a genetic correlate in shared Y chromosome types among men sharing surnames, although the link could be affected by mutation, multiple foundation for names, nonpaternity, and genetic drift. Here, we demonstrate through an analysis of 1,678 Y-chromosomal haplotypes within 40 British surnames a remarkably high degree of coancestry that generally increases as surnames become rarer. On average, the proportion of haplotypes lying within descent clusters is 62% but ranges from 0% to 87%. The shallow time depth of many descent clusters within names, the lack of a detectable effect of surname derivation on diversity, and simulations of surname descent suggest that genetic drift through variation in reproductive success is important in structuring haplotype diversity. Modern patterns therefore provide little reliable information about the original founders of surnames some 700 years ago. A comparative analysis of published data on Y diversity within Irish surnames demonstrates a relative lack of surname frequency dependence of coancestry, a difference probably mediated through distinct Irish and British demographic histories including even more marked genetic drift in Ireland.

Founders, Drift, and Infidelity: The Relationship between Y Chromosome Diversity and Patrilineal Surnames

https://www.le.ac.uk/genetics/maj4/King06_Homemade.pdf

Genetic Signatures of Coancestry within Surnames

The evolution of hereditary surnames locative and topographical surnames surnames derived from personal names occupational surnames surnames derived from nicknames some general themes in the history of surnames surnames and local history advice on further reading.

Richard Mckinley

Papers

A history of British surnames