ed summaries and general concepts can be formulated, which may, upon further investigation, be found to be germane to a wider variety of settings. Case studies, therefore are not necessarily restricted

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Qualitative research methods in health technology assessment: a review of the literature.

Human rights offer a vision of international justice that today's idealistic millions hold dear. Yet the very concept on which the movement is based became familiar only a few decades ago when it profoundly reshaped our hopes for an improved humanity. In this pioneering book, Samuel Moyn elevates that extraordinary transformation to center stage and asks what it reveals about the ideal's troubled present and uncertain future. For some, human rights stretch back to the dawn of Western civilization, the age of the American and French Revolutions, or the post - World War II moment when the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was framed. Revisiting these episodes in a dramatic tour of humanity's moral history, "The Last Utopia" shows that it was in the decade after 1968 that human rights began to make sense to broad communities of people as the proper cause of justice. Across eastern and western Europe, as well as throughout the United States and Latin America, human rights crystallized in a few short years as social activism and political rhetoric moved it from the hallways of the United Nations to the global forefront. It was on the ruins of earlier political utopias, Moyn argues, that human rights achieved contemporary prominence. The morality of individual rights substituted for the soiled political dreams of revolutionary communism and nationalism as international law became an alternative to popular struggle and bloody violence. But as the ideal of human rights enters into rival political agendas, it requires more vigilance and scrutiny than when it became the watchword of our hopes.

The Last Utopia: Human Rights in History

Acknowledgements Table of cases Table of treaties Introduction 1. Francisco de Vitoria and the colonial origins of international law (i) Introduction (ii) Vitoria and the problem of universal law (iii) War, sovereignty and the transformation of the Indian (iv) Conclusion 2. Finding the peripheries: colonialism in nineteenth-century international law (i) Introduction (ii) Elements of positivist jurisprudence (iii) Defining and excluding the uncivilized (iv) Native personality and managing the colonial encounter (v) Reconceptualizing sovereignty 3. Colonialism and the birth of international institutions: the mandate of the League of Nations (i) Introduction (ii) Creation of the mandate system (iii) The league of nations and the new international law (iv) The mandate system and colonial problems (v) The mandate system and the construction of the non-European state (vi) Government, sovereignty, and economy (vii) The mandate and the discussion of sovereignty (viii) The legacies of the mandate system: toward the present (ix) Conclusion 4. Sovereignty and the post-colonial state (i) Introduction (ii) Decolonization and the universality of international law (iii) Development, nationalism and the post-colonial state (iv) Development and the reform of international law (v) Permanent sovereignty over natural resource and the new international economic order (vi) The 1962 resolution on PSNR (vii) The 1974 charter of rights and duties among states (viii) Colonialism and the emergence of transnational law (ix) Sources of law and international contracts (x) Overview and conclusions 5. Governance and globalization, civilization and commerce (i) Introduction (ii) Good governance and the third world (iii) Governance, human rights and the universal (iv) International financial institutions, human rights and good governance (v) International financial institutions and the mandate system (vi) Conclusions and overview 6. On making war on the terrorists: imperialism as self-defense (i) Introduction (ii) The war against terrorism (WAT) (iii) The United States and imperial democracy (iv) Historical origins: war, conquest and self-defense (v) Terrorism and the United Nations: a Victorian moment (vi) Terrorism, self-defense and third world sovereignty Conclusion.

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Imperialism, sovereignty, and the making of international law

Preface Introduction 1. Liberalism's rights-preferences couple 2. Beyond the rights-preferences couple 3. The form and outline of the argument Part I. The Nature of Needs: 4. Need categories 5. Vital needs 6. Particular social needs 7. Agency needs 8. The natures of needs: historical, normative, political Part II. The Formation and Interpretation of Needs: 9. Generation and legitimation 10. Normative power and the institution of private property 11. Perception and interpretation 12. Oppression and need 13. True interests 14. The concepts of true interest Part III. The Political Evaluation of Needs: 15. Freedom and rights: a critique of the concept of 'civil society' 16. Practices, institutions, and the evaluation of institutions 17. Roles: reclaiming the census 18. Practical reason and practical imperatives Part IV. The State of Needs: 19. The state 20. The modern state, coercion and power 21. The state as ultimate evaluator and guarantor for meeting needs 22. Need priority: practical not theoretical 23. Political participation: procedural and institutional proposals 24. Legitimacy and paternalism 25. States of needs Conclusion: What needs to be done? The case of South Africa Bibliography Index.

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The Political Philosophy of Needs

This paper attempts to deconstruct the free speech defense of the publications of cartoons offensive to many Muslims in Denmark and elsewhere in Europe in order to highlight the deep philosophical tensions between the characterizations of religion and race, between free speech and hate speech, and between the freedoms of expression and of religion. A scrutiny of the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights (“ECtHR”) reveals the difficulties inherent in defining permissible limits on expression, particularly as it involves the identification and prioritization of interests that are worthy of protection under a state's law. The struggles over the characterization of certain interests as fundamental rights, in turn, raise questions over the ‘fundamental-ness' of rights and the valuation of foundational social and political values that the rhetoric of rights presumes as incontrovertible. This study seeks to advance the argument that fundamental rights, such as the freedom of expression, are legal constructs whose value is contingent on the ends they are employed to serve in a given socio-political environment. While the contingency of fundamental rights is palpable in debates over their definition and over what they include or exclude, it is most clearly visible in the clash of fundamental rights, in particular the freedoms of expression and religion.

The Fundamentalism of Liberal Rights: Decoding the Freedom of Expression Under the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms

Preface Introduction 1. The first rights theory 2. The Renaissance 3. Hugo Grotius 4. John Selden 5. Selden's followers 6. Thomas Hobbes 7. The radical theory 8. The recovery and repudiation of Grotius Conclusion Index.

Natural Rights Theories: Their Origin and Development

In this part of his book, Richard Tuck reveals a new perspective on the philosophical tradition that gave birth to some of the most fundamental liberal principles. The author explains how the skepticism and the raison d´etat  recovered by Renaissance theorists are applied to the behavior of the nation-states in International Relations during the European expansion, suppressing all kind of affective or moral quality and are translated to the civil society in order to convert the individuals into perfect liberal agents.

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The Rights of War and Peace. Political Thought and the International Order from Grotius to Kant , Oxford University Press, Nueva York, 1999.

Introduction 1. The Renaissance background 2. Scepticism, stoicism and raison d'etat 3. The spread of the new humanism 4. The alternatives 5. Hugo Grotius 6. The English Revolution 7. Thomas Hobbes Conclusion Bibliography Index.

Philosophy and government, 1572-1651

Grotius, Carneades and Hobbes

Le 4e de couverture indique : "Richard Tuck traces the history of the distinction between sovereignty and government and its relevance to the development of democratic thought. Tuck shows that this was a central issue in the political debates of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, and provides a new interpretation of the political thought of Bodin, Hobbes and Rousseau. Integrating legal theory and the history of political thought, he also provides one of the first modern histories of the constitutional referendum, and shows the importance of the United States in the history of the referendum. The book derives from the John Robert Seeley Lectures delivered by Richard Tuck at the University of Cambridge in 2012, and will appeal to students and scholars of the history of ideas, political theory and political philosophy."

Richard Tuck

Papers

Natural Rights Theories: Their Origin and Development

The Rights of War and Peace. Political Thought and the International Order from Grotius to Kant , Oxford University Press, Nueva York, 1999.

Philosophy and government, 1572-1651

Grotius, Carneades and Hobbes

The Sleeping Sovereign: The Invention of Modern Democracy