Showing papers by "Riichiro Mizoguchi published in 2002"
TL;DR: A functional concept ontology is proposed which provides a rich vocabulary representing functions together with clear definitions grounded on behavior that enables the automatic identification system to make the search in the functional space tractable and to screen out meaningless interpretations.
146 citations
01 Oct 2002
TL;DR: Hozo is based on an ontological theory of a role-concept that can distinguish concepts dependent on particular contexts from so-called basic concepts and contribute to building reusable ontologies.
Abstract: We have developed an environment for building/using ontologies, named Hozo, based on both of a fundamental consideration of an ontological theory and a methodology of building an ontology. Since Hozo is based on an ontological theory of a role-concept, it can distinguish concepts dependent on particular contexts from so-called basic concepts and contribute to building reusable ontologies.
119 citations
22 Apr 2002
TL;DR: The objective of the research presented in this article is to find representational mechanisms for relating and integrating the collaborative learning elements present in real practical environments, and create an integrated ontology that considers and relates these elements, and make use of it to define new collaborative learning scenarios.
Abstract: The objective of the research presented in this article is to find representational mechanisms for relating and integrating the collaborative learning elements present in real practical environments, create an integrated ontology that considers and relates these elements, and make use of it to define new collaborative learning scenarios. It is therefore necessary to identify the key ideas underlying the notion of ontology that will be essential in subsequent application development: a list of the basic elements that give rise to a common vocabulary for collaborative learning, and the relationship and dependencies between them. The Activity Theory framework is used as a theoretical foundation for organising the elements in the ontology. This ontology gives rise to the structured elements that form the conceptual structure for the definition and construction of CSCL environments, and the analysis and assessment of group collaboration.
61 citations
02 Jun 2002
TL;DR: Ontological engineering (OE) as a collaborative process jointly conducted by an OE expert and an ID expert is presented as a step on a roadmap towards a theory-aware ITS authoring system.
Abstract: Intelligence in an ITS authoring system could rely on content-based engineering of instructional design (ID) knowledge, i.e. based on principles such as conceptualization, standardization and theory-awareness. An ontology-based architecture with appropriate ontologies has been proposed for a theory-aware ITS authoring system. Ontological engineering (OE) as a collaborative process jointly conducted by an OE expert and an ID expert is presented as a step on a roadmap towards a theory-aware ITS authoring system.
52 citations
12 Oct 2002
TL;DR: It is found that slightly adapted building blocks from as-is FBRL can be applied to behavior that is unintended and/or not performed by the product.
Abstract: the function-behavior representation language FBRL was originally devised for modeling and knowledge management of intended product behavior. This paper explores its potential for application to other-than-intended behavior in a use context, introducing consideration of the user and the environment. We found that slightly adapted building blocks from as-is FBRL can be applied to behavior that is unintended and/or not performed by the product. To support anticipation of unintended behavior in design, special attention has to be paid to the knowledge that connects product functions, user actions and environment behavior. We distinguish typical and atypical forms of unintended use. Some forms of typical unintended use can be directly derived from the intended use. Yet, most forms of unintended use require additional knowledge, e.g., from user observations. To include such knowledge, subsequent effort has to be put into its systematization
21 citations
03 Dec 2002
TL;DR: An interaction analysis support system is proposed that helps users to abstract the essence of interaction from raw protocol data, and to understand what types of collaboration have occurred in the session, and then infers educational benefits expected to be gained by the members through the interaction process.
Abstract: We can observe various kinds of interaction among members of a learning group during a collaborative learning session. It is difficult for even human users to analyze them in order to clarify what types of collaboration have occurred in the session and what educational benefits have been expected for the members through the session. So, we propose an interaction analysis support system that helps users to abstract the essence of interaction from raw protocol data, and to understand what types of collaboration have occurred in the session, and then infers educational benefits expected to be gained by the members through the interaction process.
18 citations
02 Jun 2002
TL;DR: An "Intellectual Genealogy Graph," which is a model representing chronological correlation among persons, activities, and intellect in an organization, is proposed, which is useful for surveying current learning conditions and clarifying the intellectual role of individuals, organizations, and documents in the organization.
Abstract: The word of "learning", in a wide sense, is used as a part of the social system of education and it has been attracting researchers' interest in our research area of educational systems. The goal of this research is to support creation and inheritance of organizational intellect, that is, "learning" in an organization. In this paper, we will propose an "Intellectual Genealogy Graph," which is a model representing chronological correlation among persons, activities, and intellect in an organization. The intellectual genealogy graph is a basis of intelligent functions which is useful for surveying current learning conditions and clarifying the intellectual role of individuals, organizations, and documents in the organization.
9 citations
03 Dec 2002
TL;DR: The authors have some experience in building ontologies for learning support systems and LS/IS/ID knowledge as well as a road map towards a theory-aware authoring system and first designed a comprehensive ontology for ITS.
Abstract: In AI in education research community and related academic communities such as learning science (LS), instructional science (IS) and instructional design science (ID), a lot of research results have already accumulated and many sophisticated learning support systems have been built to date. The problem, however, is that it is not easy to build a good learning support system well-justified by such basic theories because they are not easily accessible for system designers/developers nor ready for engineering use. Imagine a theory-aware authoring environment, which can help designers/developers find, understand and utilize necessary LS/IS/ID theories to build a theory-justified learning support system. It must give a great impact on our community. The authors have some experience in building ontologies for learning support systems and LS/IS/ID knowledge as well as a road map towards a theory-aware authoring system. On the basis of development of a general framework of an ITS, we first designed a comprehensive ontology for ITS.
8 citations
TL;DR: AFM (Activity-First Method), a methodology of building domain ontology depending on task analysis, and an ontology building guide system based on AFM, which supports building ontologies by providing an ontologies author with building steps, and managing intermediate results are proposed.
Abstract: Recently, ontology is expected to contribute to sharing and reuse of knowledge, and a lot of research on ontology has been carried out. However, useful methodologies for building ontologies are not yet established in spite of the understanding of its necessity. The crucial point of building ontologies is to articulate concepts in the target field. If a concept is defined in a manner depending on a particular context, it is difficult to reuse it in other contexts. Therefore, it is important to distinguish context-dependent concepts from context-independent ones. The difficulty of the discrimination requires development of a methodology and a guide system for building ontologies. This paper proposes AFM (Activity-First Method), a methodology of building domain ontology depending on task analysis, and an ontology building guide system based on AFM. The guide system supports building ontologies by providing an ontology author with building steps, and managing intermediate results. In the first half of this paper, we take an ontology of oil refinery plant operation task as an example and discuss articulation of the role concepts. Role concepts represent conceptual categories of roles of matters in a particular context. This consideration serves as the foundation of this guide system. In the second half of this paper, we show how the guide system supports an ontology building process.
5 citations
01 Jan 2002
TL;DR: A system called Talkabout is proposed to support nebulous communication between users who do not clearly express the concepts intended to lead to a consensus or, at least, to a better understanding of why participants cannot come to an agreement.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a system called Talkabout to support nebulous communication between users who do not clearly express the concepts intended. When people have di culty in understanding each other, using Talkabout to build an ontology of the common target world is helpful. By helping their inputting and showing some examples of concepts or ontologies from the World Wide Web, Talkabout enables users to discover the opinions of others on the use of the data. Then it facilitates discussion. This, in turn, should lead to a consensus or, at least, to a better understanding of why participants cannot come to an agreement. We describe the fundamentals of Talkabout in this paper.
4 citations
03 Dec 2002
TL;DR: This research seeks to clarify the essential role of collaborative learning in an organization and provide an appropriate opportunity for collaborative learning for organization members and roughly outlines Kfarm while focusing on collaborative learning support functions.
Abstract: Intellectual synergy is a major source of high competitive power for an organization. Through the authors research project, we have been developing an environment, Kfarm, to support creating/inheriting organizational intellect. Characteristic features of Kfarm include a dual loop model which represents ideal processes of knowledge-level communication among personnel to create/inherit organizational knowledge. In this paper, they focus on collaborative learning support functions of Kfarm. This research seeks to clarify the essential role of collaborative learning in an organization and provide an appropriate opportunity for collaborative learning for organization members. Attaining the goal requires construction of a design model of collaborative learning and realization of design support functions into Kfarm. This paper first introduces learning aspects of organizational activities, Then, it roughly outlines Kfarm while focusing on collaborative learning support functions.
TL;DR: The ontology of functional concepts and the systematic description of functional knowledge enable the supporting system to show designers a wide range of alternative ways and then to facilitate innovative redesign.
Abstract: In conceptual design, a designer decomposes a required function into sub-functions, so-called functional decomposition, using a kind of functional knowledge representing achievement relations among functions. Aiming at systematization of such functional knowledge, we proposed ontologies that guide conceptualization of artifacts from the functional point of view. This paper discusses its systematic description based on the functional ontologies. Firstly, we propose a new concept named “way of achievement” as a key concept for its systematization. Categorization of typical representations of the knowledge and organization as is-a hierarchies are also discussed. Such concept, categorization, and functional ontologies make the functional knowledge consistent and applicable to other domains. Next, the implementation of the functional ontologies and their utility on description of the knowledge are shown. Lastly, we discuss development of a knowledge-based system to help human designers redesign an existing artifact. The ontology of functional concepts and the systematic description of functional knowledge enable the supporting system to show designers a wide range of alternative ways and then to facilitate innovative redesign.
01 Jan 2002
TL;DR: A framework for its systematic description based on the functional ontologies, which provide fundamental concepts for capturing the target world and a common vocabulary for description of functional knowledge applicable to other domains is developed.
Abstract: Although importance of knowledge sharing among designers has been widely recognized, the knowledge about functionality in the conceptual design phase is often scattered across technical domains and it lacks consistency. Aiming at capturing such functional knowledge consistently, we have developed a framework for its systematic description based on the functional ontologies, which provide fundamental concepts for capturing the target world and a common vocabulary for description of functional knowledge applicable to other domains. A successful deployment of our framework in a production company is discussed. We also mention a design supporting system using the systematized knowledge. The second part of this twofold paper presents a collaborative research with Delft University of Technology elaborating on use and unintended behavior. This first part introduces the basis of extension and discusses further issues which are found in the collaborative research.
01 Jan 2002
TL;DR: This chapter provides a description of ontology of fluid systems, such as power plants, that target an explicit description of the design rationales of model-based reasoning systems and proposes a causal time ontology that contains the set of causal time units and uncovers the relationship between the time intervals for propagation of change and the modeling rationales.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses ontologies for model-based systems, and demonstrates examples of ontologies and reasoning system. It provides an introduction to ontology engineering directed at a basis of modeling knowledge. It discusses ontology of time concepts in qualitative reasoning systems. It also describes design of a reasoning system. On the basis of the ontology, the modeling schemes and the reasoning procedures of causal reasoning systems are determined according to the given requirements. This chapter provides a description of ontology of fluid systems, such as power plants, that target an explicit description of the design rationales of model-based reasoning systems. It also presents an application of the reasoning system and the domain ontology to a heat transportation subsystem of a power plant. It proposes a causal time ontology that contains the set of causal time units and uncovers the relationship between the time intervals for propagation of change and the modeling rationales. Furthermore, the chapter presents the design rationales and the time resolution. A discrete model of a phenomenon is often the result of modeling according to such rationale that the phenomenon is much faster than other phenomena. Such discrete models can be viewed as the results of other kinds of temporal modeling techniques discussed in this article. Investigation of such discrete changes remains as future work.
02 Jun 2002
TL;DR: An ontology to represent CSCL session is constructed that will work as both vocabulary to describe the session and design patterns referred to during the instructional design process and facilitate users’ shared understandings and reuse the scenarios.
Abstract: Many of software designers of CSCL environment have been suffering from complex and subtle educational requirements offered by clients One of major causes of the problem they face is the lack of shared understanding of collaborative learning We do not know what design rationale of CSCL environment is and even do not have common vocabulary to describe what the collaborative learning is In this research, we are aiming at supporting such complex instructional design (ID) process of CSCL environment To fulfill the aim we have been constructing an ontology to represent CSCL session[1,2] The ontology will work as both vocabulary to describe the session and design patterns referred to during the instructional design process To represent learning scenarios using the ontology will facilitate users’ shared understandings and reuse the scenarios It is useful to store and provide effective learning scenarios as design patterns As the first step to fulfill our aim, we adopt learning theories as foundation to analyze, design, and develop the learning sessions The design patterns inspired by the theories provide design rationale for CSCL design