http://academic.oup.com/milmed/article-pdf/146/7/506/24126715/milmed-146-7-506.pdf

Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics

COVID-19 Dashboard

Background Food processing produces large quantities of by-products. Disposal of waste can lead to environmental and human health problems, yet often they can be turned into high value, useful products. For example, crustacean shell wastes from shrimp, crab, lobster, and krill contain large amounts of chitin, a polysaccharide that may be extracted after deproteinisation and demineralization of the exoskeletons. Scope and approach This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of these crustacean shellfish wastes and the various ways to use chitin. This biopolymer and its derivatives, such as chitosan, have many biological activities (e.g., anti-cancer, antioxidant, and immune-enhancing) and can be used in various applications (e.g., medical, cosmetic, food, and textile). Key findings and conclusions Due to the huge waste produced each year by the shellfish processing industry and the absence of waste management which represent an environmental hazard, the extraction of chitin from crustaceans’ shells may be a solution to minimize the waste and to produce valuable compound which possess biological properties with application in many fields. As a food waste, it is important to also be aware of the non-food uses of these wastes.

Industrial applications of crustacean by-products (chitin, chitosan, and chitooligosaccharides): A review

Physician's Desk Reference

Pharmaceutical applications of various natural gums, mucilages and their modified forms

Plant and their products have always been a source of various drugs and excipients used in pharmaceutical formulations. Pectin, a naturally occurring polysaccharide, has in recent years gained increased importance. The benefits of natural pectin are also appreciated by scientists and consumer due to its biodegradability. Pectin is the methylated ester of polygalacturonic acid and it is commercially extracted from citrus peels and apple pomace under mildly acidic conditions. Pectin is divided into two major groups on the basis of their degree of esterification. The association of pectin chains leads to the formation of the three dimensional networks giving gel formation. Since ages pectin is being used in the formulation of various dosage forms wherein it acts as a promising natural polymer for drug delivery. Pectin possesses several requisite characteristics to be used as polymer in drug development and release kinetics. In the present review we have compiled the major sources, extraction process and properties of pectin. The major fields and areas of its applications as a promising polymer have also been discussed. The pectin, by itself or by its gelling properties, is employed in pharmaceutical industry as a carrier for drug delivery to the gastrointestinal tract, such as matrix tablets, gel beads, film-coated dosage form. This review has also discussed the important chemistry and general properties of pectin, and its gel formation mechanism and properties.

http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/11534/1/IJNPR%202(1)%2010-18.pdf

Sources of pectin, extraction and its applications in pharmaceutical industry − An overview

Chitosan is a versatile natural polymer. This article reviewed different aspects of Chitosan that's including preparation and characterization of Chitosan with their applicability in pharmaceutical formulations. Also, the article included different derivatives of Chitosan and their use in different drug delivery system. This review emphasized that research on Chitosan based systems containing various drugs for various therapeutic applications have increased in recent years. So this article has fullfill the requirement of a review on this naturally derived polymer in present scenario.

Applications of Chitosan and Chitosan Derivatives in Drug Delivery

Corona Virus: A Review of COVID-19

2 Abstract: With the increasing interest in polymers of natural origin, the pharmaceutical world has compliance to use most of them in their formulations. Moreover, the tremendous orientation of pharma world towards these naturally derived polymers has become a subject of increasing interest to discover, extract and purify such compounds from the reported origin. In the present review we have discussed mucilage, as a potent candidate to be used in various pharmaceutical formulations. We have also compiled the various sources which may lead to significant mucilage production and also the extraction procedure. The various properties have been dealt in detail, which makes it a potential candidate to be used as pharmaceutical excipient.

Rishabha Malviya

Papers

Sources of pectin, extraction and its applications in pharmaceutical industry − An overview

Applications of Chitosan and Chitosan Derivatives in Drug Delivery

Corona Virus: A Review of COVID-19

Applications of Mucilages in Drug Delivery - A Review

Hyperthermia: Role and Risk Factor for Cancer Treatment