The Visual Display of Quantitative Information

HEALTH AND DEPRIVATION: Inequality and the north

Public participation geographic information systems (PPGIS) pertains to the use of geographic information systems (GIS) to broaden public involvement in policymaking as well as to the value of GIS to promote the goals of nongovernmental organizations, grassroots groups, and community-based organizations. The article first traces the social history of PPGIS. It then argues that PPGIS has been socially constructed by a broad set of actors in research across disciplines and in practice across sectors. This produced and reproduced concept is then explicated through four major themes found across the breadth of the PPGIS literature: place and people, technology and data, process, and outcome and evaluation. The themes constitute a framework for evaluating current PPGIS activities and a roadmap for future PPGIS research and practice.

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Public Participation Geographic Information Systems: A Literature Review and Framework

This paper examines the politics of land and forest rights in Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo) Forest mapping by government forestry planners allocates rights of resource use and land access according to forest types and economic objectives, only rarely recognizing indigenous occupancy rights or forest territories customarily claimed or managed by local people As maps and official plans based on them ignore, and in some cases criminalize, traditional rights to forest, forest products, and forest land for temporary conversion to swidden agriculture, indigenous activists are using sketch maps to re-claim territories - a process that requires re-defining many traditional forest rights The paper considers the political implications of mapping and the implications of a focus on land use rather than forest use

Whose woods are these? counter‐mapping forest territories in kalimantan, indonesia

Recent years have witnessed a burgeoning of applications of GIS which grant legitimacy to indigenous geographical knowledge as well as to `official' spatial data. By incorporating various forms of community participation these newer framings of Geographical Information Systems as `Participatory GIS' (PGIS) offer a response to the critiques of GIS which were prevalent in the 1990s. This paper reviews PGIS in the context of the `democratization of GIS'. It explores aspects of the control and ownership of geographical information, representations of local and indigenous knowledge, scale and scaling up, web-based approaches and some potential future technical and academic directions.

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Participatory GIS : a people's GIS?

Part 1 Rule base organization: design considerations for a rule based system conceptual frameworks for geographical knowledge knowledge engineering for generalization. Part 2 Data modelling issues: suitable representation schema for geographic information knowledge classification and organization object modelling and phenomenon-based generalization. Part 3 Formulation of rules: constraints on rule formation rule section for small scale map generalizations a rule for describing feature geometry amplified intelligence and rule based systems. Part 4 Computational and representational issues: role of interpolation in feature displacement parallel software and computation integration and evaluation of map generalization.

Map Generalization: Making Rules for Knowledge Representation

Numerical Cartographic Generalization: An Introduction

Modes of GIS Provision and their Appropriateness for Neighborhood Organizations: Examples from Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota

Many activities to promote better health and to reduce disease are directed at the changing environments in which people live. In response to the University Consortium for Geographic Information Science (UCGIS) 1999 Summer Assembly application challenge, this paper describes the uses of geographic information systems in the field of public health care. With the geographic information system, observations regarding the social, economic, political, and physical environments can be referenced to a common geospatial data framework. This permits varying organizations to share spatial data regarding these phenomena. Geographic information science has the potential to create rich information databases, linked to methods of spatial analysis, to determine relationships between geographical patterns of disease distribution and social and physical environmental conditions. As the core of a decision-support system, geographic information science also has the potential to change the way that allocations of resources are made to facilitate preventive health services and to control the burden of disease.

Robert B Mc Master

Papers

Map Generalization: Making Rules for Knowledge Representation

Numerical Cartographic Generalization: An Introduction

Modes of GIS Provision and their Appropriateness for Neighborhood Organizations: Examples from Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota

Considerations for Improving Geographic Information System Research in Public Health

Generalization in Digital Cartography Resource Publications in Geography