A method of reducing undesirable microorganism concentration, promoting desirable microorganism propagation/conditioning, and increasing desirable microorganism efficiency in an aqueous fluid stream includes (a) introducing a quantity of fermentable carbohydrate or cellulose to an aqueous fluid stream, (b) introducing a quantity of desirable microorganism to the aqueous fluid stream, (c) generating ClO2 gas, (d) dissolving the ClO2 gas to form a ClO2 solution, and (e) introducing an aqueous ClO2 solution into the aqueous fluid stream. Another method includes (a) introducing a quantity of fermentable carbohydrate or cellulose to an aqueous fluid stream, (b) introducing a quantity of desirable microorganism to the aqueous fluid stream, and (c) introducing ClO2 having an efficiency as ClO2 of at least about 90% into the aqueous fluid stream. An apparatus for reducing bacteria concentration, promoting fungi propagation/conditioning, and increasing yeast efficiency comprises a ClO2 generator fluidly connected to a batch tank, fluidly connected to a fungi vessel.

Apparatus and method for treatment of microorganisms during propagation, conditioning and fermentation

The invention relates to biocidal systems comprising zinc ions and an oxidizing or non-oxidizing biocide, their use, and methods for preventing or decreasing starch degradation in starch-containing process waters from pulp, paper or board production processes.

Prevention of starch degradation in pulp, paper or board making processes

Aminopeptidases originating from Aspergilli niger are disclosed, which can be produced in a fermentation broth or a liquid concentrate thereof substantially free of endoprotease. Such aminopeptidases may be advantageously employed in the food industry, e.g. in the preparation of bread doughs or cheese.

Production of aminopeptidases from aspergillus niger

Fungal biotechnology has generated a voluminous amount of technical literature and scientific data. Patents probably contain the most complete and detailed information about the use of fungal cultures in biotechnology. This article contains a brief review of the United States patent system where microorganisms form an integral part of the disclosure and explains the role of the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) as a patent culture depository. A list based on the application of the ATCC fungal strains which have been cited or used in US patents and the names of the inventors, the titles of the inventions, and their patent numbers are included. This provides resource material particularly for developing countries as they begin to establish their own biotechnology.

United States patents and fungal cultures

The invention relates to a method for the production of a fermentation product from an organism cultured in a culture medium, wherein the organism after the formation of the fermentation product is subjected to a lysis treatment in the presence of a lysis-promoting compound. In accordance with the invention, the lysis-promoting agent is a compound that can be metabolised by the organism, and the method comprises the steps of treating the organism at a first, relatively high concentration of the lysis-promoting compound, separating the lysis-promoting agent and the fermentation product, and culturing the organism at a second, relatively low concentration of the metabolisable lysis-promoting agent.

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Method for the production of a fermentation product from an organism

The disclosure is directed to the production of the enzyme glucoamylase. During the growth of glucoamylase producing microorganisms, ammonium hydroxide or ammonia gas is introduced into the growth medium to provide a source of ammonia and to maintain the pH of medium at the level where optimum growth of the microorganisms occurs.

Production of glucoamylase

The invention is directed to a process for preparing dextrose containing syrups having a predictable dextrose content. During enzymatic hydrolysis of starch to dextrose, C1O2 is incorporated into the hydrolysate to inactivate the enzyme when the dextrose content of the hydrolysate reaches a predetermined level.

Robert G Dworschack

Papers

Production of glucoamylase

Process for preparing dextrose containing syrups