Palladium-catalyzed reactions of allenes.

Organopalladium intermediates in organic synthesis

Metallocenes are very versatile catalysts for the production of polyolefins, polystyrene and copolymers. Some polymers such as syndiotactic polypropene, syndiotactic polystyrene, cycloolefin copolymers, optically active oligomers, and polymethylenecycloalkenes can be produced only by metallocene catalysts. It is possible to tailor the microstructure of polymers by changing the ligand structure of the metallocene. The effect and influence of the ligands can more and more be predicted and understood by molecular modeling and other calculations.

Metallocenes for Polymer Catalysis

A full literature and patent account (about 100 references) is given on work describing the vinyl polymerization to homo-polynorbornene. The interest in vinyl homo-polynorbornene is driven by its dielectric and mechanical properties for the technical application as an interlevel dielectric in microelectronics applications. The norbornene/olefin copolymerization is covered to some extent for comparison. The metal catalysts are presented and important polymer product properties are emphasized.

Metal catalysts for the vinyl polymerization of norbornene

Novel acetic acid processes and catalysts have been introduced, commercialized, and improved continuously since the 1950s. The objective of the development of new acetic acid processes has been to reduce raw material consumption, energy requirements, and investment costs. At present, industrial processes for the production of acetic acid are dominated by methanol carbonylation and the oxidation of hydrocarbons such as acetaldehyde, ethylene, n-butane, and naphtha. This paper discusses advances in acetic acid processes and catalysts according to the following routes: (1) methanol carbonylation; (2) methyl formate isomerization; (3) synthesis gas to acetic acid; (4) vapor phase oxidation of ethylene, and (5) other novel technologies.

Recent advances in processes and catalysts for the production of acetic acid

π-Allylic complexes from allene

Vapor phase carbonylation of methanol to acetic acid

The chemistry of palladium complexes. III. The polymerization of norbornene systems catalyzed by palladium chloride (1)

Iodine is employed as a promoter for the reaction between phenol and a 1,2-dihaloethane wherein the halogen is chlorine, bromine or iodine using a zinc-containing catalyst to produce dihydroxydiphenylethanes, especially the 4,4'-isomer.

Robert G. Schultz

Papers

π-Allylic complexes from allene

Vapor phase carbonylation of methanol to acetic acid

The chemistry of palladium complexes. III. The polymerization of norbornene systems catalyzed by palladium chloride (1)

Production of dihydroxydiphenyl alkanes

Process for preparing olefin hydrocarbons for detergent use