Medium- and high-density articles are formed from melting and casting alloys containing tungsten, iron, nickel and optionally manganese and/or steel. In some embodiments, the articles have densities in the range of 8-10.5 g/cm 3 , and in other embodiments, the articles have densities in the range of 10.5-15 g/cm 3 . In some embodiments, the articles are ferromagnetic, and in others the articles are not ferromagnetic. In some embodiments, tungsten forms the largest weight percent of the alloy, and in other embodiments the alloy contains no more than 50 wt % tungsten. In some embodiments, the articles are shell shot.

Ductile medium- and high-density, non-toxic shot and other articles and method for producing the same

A tungsten-nickel-iron-cobalt high density alloy having unexpected improved strength and hardness properties and the method of making such alloy are disclosed. The alloy has from about 85-98% by weight tungsten with the remainder being a nickel-iron-cobalt binder in which the cobalt is present in amounts of from at least about 5% up to 47.5% by weight of the binder and the amount of cobalt being equal to or less than the amount of nickel. After the powders of the elements in the indicated amounts are homogeneously blended, compacted into a shape and sintered, the sintered shape is subjected to a heat treatment in a flowing argon atmosphere for a period of time and at a temperature at least sufficiently high to solubilize the intermetallic or μ phase, Co 7 W 6 , formed at the matrix to tungsten interface during cooling from the sintering temperature, and to diffuse into the gamma austenitic phase, thus leaving the alpha tungsten/gamma austenite boundaries substantially or essentially free of such intermetallic or μ phase. The alloy is subsequently subjected to a swaging step resulting in a reduction in area of from 5 to 40% and then may be aged for about an hour within the range of about 300°-600° C.

High density tungsten-nickel-iron-cobalt alloys having improved hardness, and method for making them

Nickel base superalloy single crystal articles, preferably aircraft gas turbine blades and vanes, and a process for preparation thereof, wherein phase stability after extended elevated temperature exposure is enhanced by controlling the content of heavy refractory elements and gamma prime phase forming elements. The nominal alloy composition range in weight percent is 4-6 percent chromium, 8-12 percent cobalt, 1-2.5 percent molybdenum, 3-6 percent tungsten, 1.8-3.2 percent rhenium, 0-2.5 percent ruthenium, 5-6 percent aluminum, 0.5-1.5 percent titanium, 7-10 percent tantalum, 0.08-0.12 percent hafnium, balance nickel. The sum of the heavy refractory elements molybdenum plus tungsten plus rhenium is 8.4-10.4 percent, and the sum of the gamma prime forming elements aluminum plus titanium plus tantalum is 13.8-15.7 percent.

Phase stable single crystal materials

A single phase metal alloy usually for forming a shaped charge liner for a penetrating jet or explosively formed penetrator forming warhead consists essentially of from a trace to 90%, by weight, of cobalt, from 10% to 50% by weight, of tungsten, and the balance nickel and inevitable impurities. One preferred composition is, by weight, from 16% to 22%, cobalt, from 35% to 40% tungsten and the balance is nickel and inevitable impurities. The alloy is worked and recrystallized and then formed into a desired product. In addition to a shaped charge liner, other useful products include a fragmentation warhead, a warhead casing, ammunition, radiation shielding and weighting.

Single phase tungsten alloy for shaped charge liner

A process for reducing disparities of mechanical properties in tungsten-nickel-iron alloys containing in % by weight 85 to 99% of tunsten, 1 to 10% of iron, the alloys being obtained from tungsten, nickel and iron powders which have the same or different grain diameter, shape and size distribution, which entails simultaneously adding an effective amount of each of cobalt and manganese powders to tungsten powder or to a mixture of tungsten, nickel and iron powders.

Process for reducing the disparities in mechanical values of tungsten-nickel-iron alloys

This invention is directed to the use of tungsten base alloys containing about 1 to 12 weight percent nickel, about 0.5 to 8 weight percent iron and about 0.5 to about 25 percent molybdenum and at least one additional additive selected from cobalt, chromium, manganese, vanadium, tantalum, zirconium, titanium, yttrium, rhenium, boron, and silicon. Chromium may substitute for molybdenum up to 15%. In addition to being useful for high density applications, structural applications, and high temperature applications, the alloys may be used for die casting dies, molds, cores and other metal shaping members.

Robert Grierson

Papers

Tungsten-nickel-iron-molybdenum alloys