A time domain communications system wherein a broadband of time-spaced signals, essentially monocycle-like signals, are derived from applying stepped-in-amplitude signals to a broadband antenna, in this case, a reverse bicone antenna. When received, the thus transmitted signals are multiplied by a D.C. replica of each transmitted signal, and thereafter, they are, successively, short time and long time integrated to achieve detection.

Time domain radio transmission system

A communication system includes a base station, called a "Controller" and one or more remote or satellite stations, each called a "Communicator". The controller arbitrates, controls and communicates with the communicators which are in range to receive its transmissions. The communicators receiving a particular controller's transmission form a network for that controller for the period in which reception occurs. The controller is the only generator of electromagnetic radiation which it modulates with information relating to its own identity, transactions it undertakes and information it transfers. Each communicator modulates and re-radiates the received transmission using back-scatter. Back-scatter re-radiation keeps the communicator design simple and allows for very sensitive receiver design in the controller. In operation, the controller initiates communication with each communicator by establishing, through a handshake exchange, the unique communications channel it will maintain with that communicator. Once channels are established, the controller repetitively polls each communicator for a sequential, cumulative interchange of data. The controller continually looks out for new communicators entering its network and de-activates polling of communicators whose transactions are complete. Whenever a network is not active because there are no communicators present, or any in need of a transaction or data interchange, the controller polls at a reduced rate.

Passive universal communicator system

A process and apparatus for a method for reducing the amount of acrylamide in thermally processed foods. This invention permits the production of foods having significantly reduced levels of acrylamide. The method relies on the manipulation of various unit operations used in the production of food products, particularly the washing and cooking unit operations. For example, the washing unit operation can be modified to provide a contacting step at an increased time and temperature, and adding components such as calcium chloride and L-cysteine to an aqueous solution used for the contacting. The cooking unit operation can be modified by dividing it into at least a higher-temperature first heating step and a lower-temperature second heating step in order to avoid the high-temperature/low-moisture conditions most favorable for acrylamide formation.

Method for reducing acrylamide formation in thermally processed foods

A pulse radar system for determining the subsurface structure of a medium comprising an electronics unit for providing electronic signals and control comprising a utility controller, a sampler controller, and a timing controller such that the timing controller provides a pulser trigger and the sampler controller provides a sampler trigger; a microwave unit comprising all the microwave components within the system including a pulser for generating pulses as directed by the timing controller in the electronics unit, a transmitting antenna for receiving the pulses directly from and being in close proximity to the pulser, a receiving antenna for accepting the pulses emitted from the transmitting antenna, and a receiver in close proximity to and for accepting the pulses from the receiving antenna, and a data unit for receiving signals from the electronics unit and for displaying the data for review and analysis. In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, a method is provided for determining the characteristics of a medium. Also provided in the present invention is a pulser which utilizes all microwave components and a novel antenna assembly.

System for evaluating the inner medium characteristics of non-metallic materials

A medical communication system for providing remote communications with an active implantable medical device. In one embodiment, a medical communication system includes an active implantable medical device (AIMD) that is configured to transmit and receive a wireless signal from within a human body, and a non-implantable programmer that includes a retrodirective antenna. The programmer is configured to scan in multiple directions for signals received from the AIMD and to identify the direction of the signal having the highest signal power.

Implantable medical device communication system

The retrodirective array antenna of the present invention employs a circular, focusing parallel plate lens to interconnect array elements, thus producing a body with an inherently large radar cross section. By modulating the radiated signal from such an array, it is possible to meet the requirements for passive beacon and data transmission applications. Information transmittal is accomplished via the selection of the modulation function.

Circular retrodirective array

A modulating signal which is selectively changed as a function of time is applied to the modulating diodes of a retrodirective array. The diodes modulate the signal reflected from the array. A decoder coacting with the illuminating radar can extract information from the time-frequency code superimposed on the return signal to thereby identify the target.

Decoder for a space retrodirective array

The radio frequency source for a low power, lightweight radar is provided by operating a transistor in the avalanche mode. An open delay line is in the collector circuit and a shorted delay line in shunt with the output line is part of the emitter load. The resulting device can be employed as a low power, nanosecond, monocycle pulse generator with low range, or time domain, sidelobes.

Robert J. Wohlers

Papers

Circular retrodirective array

Decoder for a space retrodirective array

Monocycle pulse generator