How to Do Things With Words

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/201/4359/899.2.full.pdf

Phenomenology of perception.

We may not be able to make you love reading, but archaeology of knowledge will lead you to love reading starting from now. Book is the window to open the new world. The world that you want is in the better stage and level. World will always guide you to even the prestige stage of the life. You know, this is some of how reading will give you the kindness. In this case, more books you read more knowledge you know, but it can mean also the bore is full.

The archaeology of knowledge

Truth and method

basic research and clinical data in an attempt to derive a cohesive model which explains the behavioral effects of the drug. Johnson is an experimental psychologist, and his work underlies many of the chapters which suggest that lithium decreases the behavioral response to novel external stimuli. He then utilizes this foundation to propose a cognitive model for lithium's anti-manic action, its inhibition of violent impulsivity, and its prophylactic effects in recurrent depression. Previous formulations which were clinically based, such as that of Mabel Blake Cohen and her associates, stressed the primacy of depression and noted the \"manic defense\" as an attempt to ward off intolerable depression. In direct contrast, Johnson views mania as the primary disturbance in bipolar disorder. He considers depression in bipolar disease as an over-zealous homeostatic inhibitory responsf to a maniaassociated cognitive overload. Consistent with this, he believes, lit lum exerts its anti-manic effect by decreasing cognitive processing in a manner analogous to his animal studies. Johnson also suggests that lithium exerts its prophylactic effect in recurrent depressions by treating subclinical mania. These concepts are supported by the work of Johnson's associate, Kukopulos, to whom the book is dedicated. The bulk of the research which describes the cognitive disturbance in mania is complex, however, and uncomfortably open to multiple interpretations. Recognized as a preliminary effort, Johnson's formulation may help to guide further research. Although Johnson clearly traces lithium actions through a broad range of subjects, his discussion of the neurophysiological aspects of this drug is notably spotty. In particular, Johnson ignores the work of Svensson, DeMontigny, Aghajanian, and others who suggest that serotonergic systems may play an important role in the antidepressant actions of lithium. As a result, he fails to discuss one of the most important current uses of lithium: as an agent used in conjunction with antidepressant medications to increase treatment response in medication-resistant forms of depression. Lithium augmentation of antidepressant medication also challenges the formulation presented by Johnson. This formulation suggests that lithium should have no therapeutic value in patients, such as those with endogenous depression, who already \"under-process\" cognitive information. The omission of lithium augmentation in depression is clearly unfortunate in this text. Overall, this volume demonstrates the benefits of a single-authored text. It it clearly organized and readable. The bibliography is also broad and useful. In this book, Johnson primarily addresses a research audience, and his model seems designed to stimulate thought rather than to improve clinical technique. In this capacity, his book will be of most interest to behavioral psychologists. Other books, focusing purely on clinical data, may be more useful to clinicians. Nevertheless, the clear organization, the large bibliography, and the thoughtful presentation may make this text a useful addition to a clinical library as well.

The Body in Pain: The Making and Unmaking of the World.

abilities on the part of the reader than does the chapter on visual impairment. Nevertheless, among all the practical advice there are some interesting issues that are relevant elsewhere in health. The first is the preeminence of values and attitudes in the delivery of appropriate care. The chapter by Carter on primary care raises the possibility that society’s ambivalence towards them results in inadequate health care for people with learning disabilities. The chapter by McCray on antenatal care describes how the partnership model that characterizes mainstream antenatal care is challenged when a woman with learning disabilities becomes pregnant. There is little shared planning of care and many babies are removed soon after birth as the mother is deemed unfit by virtue of her lack of intelligence. Second, several authors make reference to the dilemma posed by the choice of specialist or generic services. The chapter by Sant Angelo points out that we are naive to assume that including people with learning disabilities within mainstream health services will solve their problems of powerlessness, dependence and vulnerability. One of the less attractive side-effects of normalization theory was to deny that vulnerable people required specialized provision if they were to attain the level of health expected by most of our society. Jenkins and Shearman go further and question the distinction between specialist and generic services. Just as in ergonomics where design for those with a disability often leads to a product that suits the needs of the non-disabled population, services with adjustments to suit those with learning disabilities may increase satisfaction in a wide range of service users. In such a small volume, some issues inevitably get omitted. In their introduction the editors acknowledge that many health initiatives, e.g. tackling obesity, have failed in the mainstream population. There is no consideration of why they should work with this client group. In spite of this reservation expressed by the editors early on, all chapters end with a checklist for action some of which (Marler, chap. 10, p. 163) seem unaware of discussion elsewhere in the book: Communication between the two services needs to be enhanced. Thankfully most contributors recognize that recommending a practical checklist will not effect great changes: ultimately change will only be achieved through challenging philosophies and ideologies, not merely through extra staff training.

Introducing Narrative Psychology: Self, Trauma and the Construction of Meaning

Complaining about chronic pain.

The theory and treatment of pain have undergone major changes since 1950. Significant has been the gate control theory of pain, first described in 1965. This theory symbolizes a new epistemology and praxis of pain by redefining pain as a process. The redefinition legitimated new treatment possibilities for pain, making all of a patient's existence fair game for professional management. Social uses of the new psychology of pain are examined, in the context of a critique of the object of medical knowledge and power, the patient as a `person'. In the name of overcoming Cartesian dualism (which today carries a negative value), the new theory and treatment possibilities (which are holistic, therefore `better') promote a greater technical management of human suffering.

The Psychology and Management of Pain Gate Control as Theory and Symbol

This article proposes a theoretical contribution to critical health psychology. Charles Sanders Peirce’s semiotics provide health psychology and related fields with an analytic that centers interes...

Pain as Symptom, Pain as Sign

Preface Introduction Hurrying to Be: The Age of Stress The Engineering of Grief The Martial Beginnings of Stress Preparing the Groundless "This Strange Disease of Modern Life": The Dangers of Strain Before Engineered Grief The Two Ends of Engineered Grief Bibliography Index

Robert Kugelmann

Papers

Introducing Narrative Psychology: Self, Trauma and the Construction of Meaning

Complaining about chronic pain.

The Psychology and Management of Pain Gate Control as Theory and Symbol

Pain as Symptom, Pain as Sign

Stress: The Nature and History of Engineered Grief