https://users.encs.concordia.ca/~ymzhang/publications/ARC32-2-98Zhang_pp.229-252.pdf

Bibliographical review on reconfigurable fault-tolerant control systems

Most of the signal processing that we will study in this course involves local operations on a signal, namely transforming the signal by applying linear combinations of values in the neighborhood of each sample point. You are familiar with such operations from Calculus, namely, taking derivatives and you are also familiar with this from optics namely blurring a signal. We will be looking at sampled signals only. Let's start with a few basic examples. Local difference Suppose we have a 1D image and we take the local difference of intensities, DI(x) = 1 2 (I(x + 1) − I(x − 1)) which give a discrete approximation to a partial derivative. (We compute this for each x in the image.) What is the effect of such a transformation? One key idea is that such a derivative would be useful for marking positions where the intensity changes. Such a change is called an edge. It is important to detect edges in images because they often mark locations at which object properties change. These can include changes in illumination along a surface due to a shadow boundary, or a material (pigment) change, or a change in depth as when one object ends and another begins. The computational problem of finding intensity edges in images is called edge detection. We could look for positions at which DI(x) has a large negative or positive value. Large positive values indicate an edge that goes from low to high intensity, and large negative values indicate an edge that goes from high to low intensity. Example Suppose the image consists of a single (slightly sloped) edge:

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/5/31307/01456462.pdf

Linear systems

This chapter introduces the subject of statistical pattern recognition (SPR). It starts by considering how features are defined and emphasizes that the nearest neighbor algorithm achieves error rates comparable with those of an ideal Bayes’ classifier. The concepts of an optimal number of features, representativeness of the training data, and the need to avoid overfitting to the training data are stressed. The chapter shows that methods such as the support vector machine and artificial neural networks are subject to these same training limitations, although each has its advantages. For neural networks, the multilayer perceptron architecture and back-propagation algorithm are described. The chapter distinguishes between supervised and unsupervised learning, demonstrating the advantages of the latter and showing how methods such as clustering and principal components analysis fit into the SPR framework. The chapter also defines the receiver operating characteristic, which allows an optimum balance between false positives and false negatives to be achieved.

Statistical Pattern Recognition

Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is an emerging new technology integrating ad hoc network, wireless LAN (WLAN) and cellular technology to achieve intelligent inter-vehicle communications and improve road traffic safety and efficiency. VANETs are distinguished from other kinds of ad hoc networks by their hybrid network architectures, node movement characteristics, and new application scenarios. Therefore, VANETs pose many unique networking research challenges, and the design of an efficient routing protocol for VANETs is very crucial. In this article, we discuss the research challenge of routing in VANETs and survey recent routing protocols and related mobility models for VANETs.

/pdf/routing-in-vehicular-ad-hoc-networks-a-survey-2fwcriwix4.pdf

Routing in vehicular ad hoc networks: A survey

Classical Sets and Fuzzy Sets.- Classical and Fuzzy Relations.- Membership Functions.- Defuzzification.- Fuzzy Rule-Based System.- Fuzzy Decision Making.- Applications of Fuzzy Logic.- Fuzzy Logic Projects with Matlab.

Introduction to Fuzzy Logic using MATLAB

For the past 40 yr, reduced-order modeling of boiling water reactor (BWR) dynamic behavior has been accomplished by several researchers. These models have been primarily concerned with providing insight into the so-called corewide neutron flux oscillation, where the power at each radial location in the core oscillates in unison. This is generally considered to be an illustration of the fundamental neutronic mode excited by the core thermal hydraulics. The time dependence of the fundamental mode is typically described by the point-kinetics equations, with one or more delayed-neutron groups. Thermal-hydraulic excitation of the first azimuthal harmonic mode, the so-called out-of-phase (OOP) instability, has been observed in operating BWRs. The temporal behavior of a low-order model of this phenomenon can be characterized using the modal point-kinetics formulation developed in this paper.

Modal-based reduced-order model of BWR out-of phase instabilities

We present a comparison of routing strategies for exchanging information between vehicles. There are two main aspects that are of interest in this work: the comparison between routing strategies (position-based and non-position-based) in highly mobile environments and the improvement of scalability using cluster-based algorithms. We have evaluated the performance of two reactive (non-position-based) routing algorithms, DSR and AODV, and two position-based approaches, LORA and CBLR. We have simulated the mobility of the vehicles on a motorway using a microscopic traffic model developed in OPNET. A scenario was evaluated (three lanes per direction) in terms of average route discovery (RD) time, end-to-end delay (EED), and delivery ratio. Results show that clustering improves scalability when the number of nodes increases and the nature of location information of LORA and CBLR improves the results of AODV and DSR in terms of EED and delivery ratio.

A novel cluster-based location routing algorithm for inter-vehicular communication

We present a location-based routing algorithm with cluster-based flooding for vehicle to vehicle communication. We consider a motorway environment with associated high mobility and contrast and compare position-based and non-position-based routing strategies, along with a limiting function for flood mechanisms in reactive ad-hoc protocols. The performance of dynamic source routing (DSR) and ad-hoc on-demand distance vector routing (AODV) for non-positional and location routing algorithm with cluster-based flooding (LORA/spl I.bar/CBF) for positional algorithms are considered. Our proposed flooding limiting technique is compared with AODV and DSR by simulation. The mobility of the vehicles on a motorway using a microscopic traffic model developed in OPNET has been used to evaluate average route discovery (RD) time, end-to-end delay (EED), routing load, routing overhead, overhead, and delivery ratio.

A location-based routing algorithm for vehicle to vehicle communication

This paper presents an integrated robust and resilient control strategy to enhance the operational safety and performance of nuclear power plants. The objective of robust control is to minimize the sensitivity of plant operations to exogenous disturbances and internal faults while achieving a guaranteed level of performance with a priori specified bounds of uncertainties. On the other hand, the role of resilient control is to enhance plant recovery from unanticipated adverse conditions and faults as well as from emergency situations by altering its operational envelope in real time. In this paper, the issues of real-time resilient control of nuclear power plants are addressed for fast response during emergency operations while the features of the existing robust control technology are retained during normal operations under both steady-state and transient conditions. The proposed control methodology has been validated on the International Reactor Innovative & Secure (IRIS) simulator of nuclear power plants.

Integrated Robust and Resilient Control of Nuclear Power Plants for Operational Safety and High Performance

/pdf/a-study-of-changes-to-specific-absorption-rates-in-the-human-293vjeo9lj.pdf

A study of changes to specific absorption rates in the human eye close to perfectly conducting spectacles within the radio frequency range 1.5 to 3.0 GHz

Robert M. Edwards

Papers

Modal-based reduced-order model of BWR out-of phase instabilities

A novel cluster-based location routing algorithm for inter-vehicular communication

A location-based routing algorithm for vehicle to vehicle communication

Integrated Robust and Resilient Control of Nuclear Power Plants for Operational Safety and High Performance

A study of changes to specific absorption rates in the human eye close to perfectly conducting spectacles within the radio frequency range 1.5 to 3.0 GHz