Air pollution is the largest environmental and public health challenge in the world today. Air pollution leads to adverse effects on Human health, climate and ecosystem. Air is getting polluted because of release of Toxic gases by industries, vehicular emissions and increased concentration of harmful gases and particulate matter in the atmosphere. Particulate matter is one of the most important parameter having the significant contribution to the increase in air pollution. This creates a need for measurement and analysis of real-time air quality monitoring so that appropriate decisions can be taken in a timely period. This paper presents a real-time standalone air quality monitoring system which includes various parameters: PM 2.5, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, temperature, humidity and air pressure. Internet of Things is nowadays finding profound use in each and every sector, plays a key role in our air quality monitoring system too. Internet of Things converging with cloud computing offers a novel technique for better management of data coming from different sensors, collected and transmitted by low power, low cost ARM based minicomputer Raspberry pi. The system is tested in Delhi and the measurements are compared with the data provided by the local environment control authority and are presented in a tabular form. The values of the parameters measured are shown in IBM Bluemix Cloud.

Air quality monitoring system based on IoT using Raspberry Pi

In India agriculture plays a very important role. The Indian economy is also greatly affected by agricultural, as about 50 percent of total population is directly or indirectly depend on the agricultural related activities. A farmer has to go to the farm to check the water level in the field and to turn on and turn off the water pump, sometimes even in the middle of the night. This problem can be overcome by improving old methods of farming. A new system can be developed or designed which transform the old traditional farming into the smart farming. This paper tries to design a simple water pump controller by using a soil moisture sensor and Esp8266 NodeMCU-12E. A Message Queue Telemetry Transport protocol is used for transmitting and receiving sensor information. Depending on a status of soil moisture content NodeMCU-12E controls a water pump action and displays the soil moisture sensor data and water pump status on a web page or mobile application. In this way, a secure, flexible, trust-able and economical system is developed to solve above mentioned agricultural irrigation problem.

A low cost smart irrigation system using MQTT protocol

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) is a technology for monitoring and controlling distributed processes. SCADA provides real-time data exchange between a control/monitoring centre and field devices connected to the distributed processes. A SCADA system performs these functions using its four basic elements: Field Instrumentation Devices (FIDs) such as sensors and actuators which are connected to the distributed process plants being managed, Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) such as single board computers for receiving, processing and sending the remote data from the field instrumentation devices, Master Terminal Units (MTUs) for handling data processing and human machine interactions, and lastly SCADA Communication Channels for connecting the RTUs to the MTUs, and for parsing the acquired data. Generally, there are two classes of SCADA hardware and software; Proprietary (Commercial) and Open Source. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of a low-cost, Open Source SCADA system by using Thinger.IO local server IoT platform as the MTU and ESP32 Thing micro-controller as the RTU. SCADA architectures have evolved over the years from monolithic (stand-alone) through distributed and networked architectures to the latest Internet of Things (IoT) architecture. The SCADA system proposed in this work is based on the Internet of Things SCADA architecture which incorporates web services with the conventional (traditional) SCADA for a more robust supervisory control and monitoring. It comprises of analog Current and Voltage Sensors, the low-power ESP32 Thing micro-controller, a Raspberry Pi micro-controller, and a local Wi-Fi Router. In its implementation, the current and voltage sensors acquire the desired data from the process plant, the ESP32 micro-controller receives, processes and sends the acquired sensor data via a Wi-Fi network to the Thinger.IO local server IoT platform for data storage, real-time monitoring and remote control. The Thinger.IO server is locally hosted by the Raspberry Pi micro-controller, while the Wi-Fi network which forms the SCADA communication channel is created using the Wi-Fi Router. In order to test the proposed SCADA system solution, the designed hardware was set up to remotely monitor the Photovoltaic (PV) voltage, current, and power, as well as the storage battery voltage of a 260 W, 12 V Solar PV System. Some of the created Human Machine Interfaces (HMIs) on Thinger.IO Server where an operator can remotely monitor the data in the cloud, as well as initiate supervisory control activities if the acquired data are not in the expected range, using both a computer connected to the network, and Thinger.IO Mobile Apps are presented in the paper.

https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/8/8/822/pdf

Low-Cost, Open Source IoT-Based SCADA System Design Using Thinger.IO and ESP32 Thing

The digital breach between agricultural producers and IoT technologies has reduced in the last years. In the future, these technologies will allow improving productivity through the sustainable cultivation of food, as well as to take care of the environment thanks to the efficient use of water and the optimization of inputs and treatments. IoT technologies allow developing systems that support different agricultural processes. Some of these systems are remote monitoring systems, decision support tools, automated irrigation systems, frost protection systems, and fertilization systems, among others. Considering the aforementioned facts, it is necessary to provide farmers and researchers with a clear perspective of IoT applications in agriculture. In this sense, this work presents a systematic literature review of IoT-based tools and applications for agriculture. The objective of this paper is to offer an overview of the IoT applications in agriculture through topics such IoT-based software applications for agriculture available in the market, IoT-based devices used in the agriculture, as well as the benefits provided by this kind of technologies.

IoT Applications in Agriculture: A Systematic Literature Review

This paper presents the development of a low cost, open source Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system for solar photovoltaic (PV) system monitoring and remote control. The proposed SCADA system is based on the Internet of Things (IoT) SCADA architecture which incorporates web services with the conventional SCADA for a robust supervisory control and monitoring. It comprises of analog Current and Voltage sensors for acquiring the desired data from the solar PV system, Arduino Uno micro-controller which serves as a Remote Terminal Unit to receive the acquired sensor data, Raspberry Pi with a Node-RED programming tool for parsing the acquired data (Communication Channel), and Emoncms Local Server IoT Platform for data storage, monitoring and remote control (Master Terminal Unit). The developed SCADA system was set up to monitor and control a 260W, 12V solar PV panel in the Electrical and Computer Engineering Laboratory at Memorial University, and some of the created Dashboards and Charts showing the acquired data on Emoncms server where an operator can monitor the data in the cloud using both a computer with internet access, and Emoncms mobile app are presented in the paper.

Development of an IoT Based Open Source SCADA System for PV System Monitoring

Internet of Things is the web of physical objects that contain the embedded technology which is helping to develop man to machine or machine to machine communication. This paper mainly propounds a stand-alone system which is providing a dynamic datasheet about the parameters of the city environment. The system is using low cost low power ARM based minicomputer that is Raspberry Pi. It can communicate through Local Area Network (LAN) or the external Wi-Fi module. Commands from user are processed at the Raspberry Pi using Python language. The data can be monitored with other terminal devices like Laptop, Smart Phone and Tablet which is endowed with the internet facility. This framework is giving access to real-time information about an urban environment which includes the parameters: temperature, humidity, pressure, CO and harmful air pollutants.

Rohini Shete

Papers

IoT based urban climate monitoring using Raspberry Pi