The rapid involution of the mobile generation with incipient data networking capabilities and utilization has exponentially increased the data traffic volumes. Such traffic drains various key issues in 5G mobile backhaul networks. Security of mobile backhaul is of utmost importance; however, there are a limited number of articles, which have explored such a requirement. This paper discusses the potential design issues and key challenges of the secure 5G mobile backhaul architecture. The comparisons of the existing state-of-the-art solutions for secure mobile backhaul, together with their major contributions have been explored. Furthermore, the paper discussed various key issues related to Quality of Service (QoS), routing and scheduling, resource management, capacity enhancement, latency, security-management, and handovers using mechanisms like Software Defined Networking and millimeter Wave technologies. Moreover, the trails of research challenges and future directions are additionally presented.

Security of 5G-Mobile Backhaul Networks: A Survey

The relevance of the introduction of augmented reality technology in the production process is substantiated. It is developed the structure for the newest system on the base of AR technology, which will increase the motivation of employees and increase the level of information assimilations. The research used modern development technologies, such as ASP.NET Core 2 technology and Unity 3d environment. To demonstrate augmented reality, the Vuforia platform was used and virtual models of equipment have been created in the Solid Works simulation environment. The Factory Maintance Visualisation (FMV) software has been developed, witch consists of four scenes and includes all the features described above. Two models of equipment were created for the demonstration: the Cable 6-Axis Robot Arm and the EXCT 100 movement system.

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Use of Augmented Reality Technology to Develop an Application for Smart Factory Workers.

Modern 5G network are becoming denser and more agile in terms of deployment options. The average throughput and overall capacity of 5G networks are continuously growing by using variety of new solutions. However, backhaul technologies for mobile network are either low capable or inconvenient for dense deployment. In this paper, we propose a new design for converged 5G backhaul based on improved passive optical network architecture and time-frequency based resource allocation. The advantages of the proposed convergent backhaul are in unified resource allocation that ensures compatibility of optical and wireless backhaul with OFDMA based 5G radio access networks.

Enhanced MAC design for convergence of 5G backhaul network

In recent mobile networks, due to the huge number of subscribers, the traffic may occur rapidly; therefore, it is complex to guarantee the accurate operation of the network. On the other hand, the Fifth generation (5G) network plays a vital role in the handover mechanism. Handover management is a prominent issue in 5G heterogeneous networks. Therefore, the Handover approach relocates the connection between the user equipment and the consequent terminal from one network to another. Furthermore, the handover approaches manage each active connection for the user equipment. This survey offers an extensive analysis of 50 research papers based on existing handover approaches in the 5G heterogeneous network. Finally, existing methods considering conventional vertical handover management strategies are elaborated to improve devising effective vertical handover management strategies. Moreover, the possible future research directions in attaining efficient vertical handover management in a 5G heterogeneous network are elaborated.

Analytical Review and Study on Various Vertical Handover Management Technologies in 5G Heterogeneous Network

Tremendous increasing of demands in mobile networks introduces a set of new challenges for future 5G networks. Although, network densification has a huge potential to increase network capacity, backhaul channels are still a bottleneck in this chain. In this paper, we have proposed a new approach for optical backhaul based on OWTDMA network. The novelty of proposed approach is in time-wavelength resource grid, which enables fine grained bandwidth allocation. Proposed solution improves the flexibility and scalability of 5G heterogeneous network and may be implemented in combination with other backhaul technologies such as Ethernet and wireless link.

Flexible backhaul architecture for densely deployed 5G small cells based on OWTDMA network

Currently optical access networks are developing towards new converged architecture. Network convergence allows to integrate multiple access networks with different purposes such as home area network, enterprise network and mobile backhaul network. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm of wavelengths rearrangement and load balancing (WRLB) based on optical wavelength-time division multiple access (OWTDMA). Proposed algorithm improves the flexibility, scalability and energy efficiency of optical access network by using time-frequency resource blocks for frames transmission.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7446756/7451933/07452234.pdf

Wavelength rearrangement and load balancing algorithm for OWTDMA-PON network

In this paper, a new flexible backhaul design is proposed based on the time-frequency resource grid. The advantage of proposed approach is in the fine granularity bandwidth allocation. Proposed approach allows tunneling of Cloud-RAN modulated radio signals between baseband processing unit and remote radio head within the same resource blocks. In addition, new handover machanism has been introduced to reduce the handover overhead in the backhaul network. The main idea of the proposed handover mechanism is in multicast data transmission to both involved eNodeBs by joint assignment of the resource elements for multiple cells during handover that allows to decrease the amount of backhaul traffic over X2 interface by 20%.

/pdf/designing-the-new-backhaul-for-5g-heterogeneous-network-4d4j14rd95.pdf

Designing the new Backhaul for 5G Heterogeneous Network Based on Converged Optical Infrastructure

In this paper the software system for network traffic analysis and intrusion detection has been developed. The system for monitoring and analyzing of traffic to detect anomalies and identify attacks based on Hurst parameter has been proposed. This system allows determining the Hurst flow parameter at different intervals of observation. This system can be installed on the network provider to more effectively use the bandwidth by balancing the load between different protocols and subscribers.

Development of Software System for Network Traffic Analysis and Intrusion Detection

In this paper, we proposed a method for the automated deployment of machine learning algorithms based on the Splunk Enterprise software product and the Splunk Machine Learning Toolkit application for IT. The implementation of this method will make it possible to deploy ML systems in the shortest possible time, make changes to their structural units with minimal impact on other components and adapt ML models to changes in input data, transfer the system to another environment or cloud service provider. The advantage of using this method is the ability to monitor user activity and, if necessary, detect anomalies in their behavior. Anomalies are detected among system/audit log data. After installing the required data sources on the servers for monitoring, the data will be received on the indexer and will be available for further processing and training of the ML model.

Research of the ci/cd approach adaptation possibilities to the development of machine learning models

The most common problem for all sensory IOT networks is routing inefficiency. “Effective” here means that wandering packets shouldn’t pass excessive or overloaded hops as well as shouldn’t generate extra official traffic to coordinator. These are critical conditions in low-end networks, such as networks, formed of sensors, connected both together and to the internet. This work proposes solution for “effective routing” problem by use of machine learning through genetic algorithms. This reduces both computational time and energy draining in all weak hops through network. But here comes out the first valuable weakness: stable coordinator with an ability to simulate neural network, i.e. to perform complex parallel computations, is required.

Roman Kolodiy

Papers

Wavelength rearrangement and load balancing algorithm for OWTDMA-PON network

Designing the new Backhaul for 5G Heterogeneous Network Based on Converged Optical Infrastructure

Development of Software System for Network Traffic Analysis and Intrusion Detection

Research of the ci/cd approach adaptation possibilities to the development of machine learning models

Method for Intelligent Routing Within Ad-Hoc Networks with Complex Topology