Solvophobic interactions in liquid chromatography with nonpolar stationary phases

Flow-through particles for the high-performance liquid chromatographic separation of biomolecules: perfusion chromatography.

In order to enhance chromatographic performances in terms of efficiency and rapidity, LC has recently evolved in the development of short columns packed with small particles (sub-2 microm) working at high pressures (> 400 bar). This approach has been described 30 years ago according to the fundamental chromatographic equations. However, systems and columns compatible with such high pressures have been introduced in the market in 2004 only. Advantages of small particles working at high pressure will be discussed in terms of sensitivity, efficiency, resolution, and analysis time. Potential problems encountered with high pressure in terms of frictional heating and solvent compressibility will also be discussed even if systems working at a maximum pressure of 1000 bar are not influenced by these parameters and give reliable and reproducible results. Several applications will highlight the potential and interest of this new technology.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jssc.200600189

Ronald E. Majors

Papers

High-performance liquid chromatography on small particle silica gel.

Techniques for liquid chromatographic columns packed with small porous particles