Showing papers by "Ronald M. Lauer published in 1979"

Increased coronary mortality in relatives of hypercholesterolemic school children: the Muscatine study.

Abstract: From 2,874 school children participating in the 1971 and 1973 Muscatine Coronary Risk Factor Survey, we selected three groups of index cases for detailed family study: the HIGH group (n = 56), with cholesterol levels greater than the 95th percentile twice; the MIDDLE group (n = 46), cholesterol levels between the 5th and 95th percentile; and the LOW group (n = 46), cholesterol levels less than the 5th percentile twice. Coronary mortality determined from death certificates was increased in the young relatives (ages 30-59) of the HIGH group index cases, as follows: twofold excess in HIGH male relatives compared with the MIDDLE or LOW group (p less than 0.05); tenfold excess in the HIGH female relatives compared with the MIDDLE and LOW group combined (p less than 0.01). After correction for years at risk, there was an approximately twofold significantly-increased coronary mortality. Stroke mortality was higher, although not significantly, in the older relatives (ages greater than or equal to 60) of the HIGH index cases. Cancer mortality was not significantly different among the relatives of the three groups of index cases. This study indicates that school children's cholesterol levels cluster with those of their family members and that persistent hypercholesterolemia in children identifies families at risk for coronary artery disease.

Measurement criteria for group echocardiographic studies.

Abstract: This study reports the reproducibility achieved both within an observer and between observers measuring left heart echocardiographic dimensions using standard measurement criteria in school age children. These criteria define acceptable interfaces as: 1) a single dominant line; 2) continuity at the point of measurement of at least 5 mm in length; and 3) display of specific motion characteristics for the cardiac structure to be measured. The within observer intraclass correlation coefficient for interventricular septum, diastolic dimension, systolic dimension, left ventricular posterior wall, left atrium and aorta averaged 0.94 (range 0.87--0.98). The coefficient of variation averaged 3.6% (range 2--7.5%). The least reproducible dimension was left ventricular posterior wall. The day-to-day variability within a single subject of echocardiographic determined cardiac dimensions was small for all measurements. The standard deviation of error for all variables was no more than 0.3 mm. A system using screening criteria and standardized measurement techniques can provide the degree of precision necessary to begin investigating echocardiographic differences in group studies.