In recent decades particular interest in applications of nonequilibrium plasma for the problems of plasma-assisted ignition and plasma-assisted combustion has been observed. A great amount of experimental data has been accumulated during this period which provided the grounds for using low temperature plasma of nonequilibrium gas discharges for a number of applications at conditions of high speed flows and also at conditions similar to automotive engines. The paper is aimed at reviewing the data obtained and discusses their treatment. Basic possibilities of low temperature plasma to ignite gas mixtures are evaluated and historical references highlighting pioneering works in the area are presented. The first part of the review discusses plasmas applied to plasma-assisted ignition and combustion. The paper pays special attention to experimental and theoretical analysis of some plasma parameters, such as reduced electric field, electron density and energy branching for different gas discharges. Streamers, pulsed nanosecond discharges, dielectric barrier discharges, radio frequency discharges and atmospheric pressure glow discharges are considered. The second part depicts applications of discharges to reduce the ignition delay time of combustible mixtures, to ignite transonic and supersonic flows, to intensify ignition and to sustain combustion of lean mixtures. The results obtained by different authors are cited, and ways of numerical modelling are discussed. Finally, the paper draws some conclusions on the main achievements and prospects of future investigations in the field.

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Plasma assisted ignition and combustion

Plasma-assisted ignition and combustion

Effect of particle size on combustion of aluminum particle dust in air

Regenerative cooling with hydrocarbon aviation fuels on board is taken as a promising technology for the thermal management system of next-generation aircraft. An improved methodology of an electrically heated tube (1 mm i.d.), i.e., applying the variable reactor tube length to carry on thermal cracking of supercritical hydrocarbon aviation fuels as the electric current heating maintains constant, was proposed to experimentally obtain detailed information on the local concentration and temperature along the microchannels of a heat exchanger. For the first time a series of experimental data on detailed local chemical compositions of cracked hydrocarbon fuel along the cooling microchannels were reported under supercritical conditions (5 MPa, 680–700 °C), and the calculated thermodynamic properties, velocity, and residence times along the tube were also reported. A modified molecular reaction model consisting of 18 species and 24 reactions was developed to predict thermal cracking of hydrocarbon aviation fue...

Thermal Cracking of Hydrocarbon Aviation Fuels in Regenerative Cooling Microchannels

A review on hydrogen industrial aerospace applications

A general review is presented of the worldwide evolution of ramjet propulsion since the Wright brothers e rst turned man’ s imagination to e y into a practical reality. A perspective of the technological developments from subsonic to hypersonic e ight speeds is provided to allow an appreciation for the advances made internationally from the early 1900s to current times. Ramjet, scramjet, and mixed-cycle engine types, and their operation and rationale for use are considered. The development history and principal contributing development programs are reviewed. Major airbreathing technologies that had signie cant impact on the maturation of ramjet propulsion and enabled engine designs to mature to their current state are identie ed. The general state of e ight-demonstrated technology is summarized and compared with the technology base of 1980. The current status of ramjet/scramjet technology is identie ed. Ramjet and scramjet propulsion technology has matured dramatically over the years in support of both military and space access applications, yet many opportunities remain to challenge future generations of explorers.

https://bemil.chosun.com/brd/files/BEMIL064/upload/Ronald%20Ramjet%20review%20p27.pdf

A Century of Ramjet Propulsion Technology Evolution

The U.S. Navy has made sustained investments over the years that have contributed to advances in U.S. high speed missile designs employing airbreathing propulsion technology. A general review is presented of the U. S. Navy's contributions to the worldwide evolution of ramjet and scramjet propulsion from WWII to today. A perspective of the technological developments from subsonic to hypersonic flight speeds is provided to allow an understanding for the variety of candidate engine cycles explored. The development history and principal contributing development programs are reviewed. Major airbreathing propulsion technologies are identified that had enabling impact upon the maturation of ramjet propulsion and engine designs. The U.S. Navy's contributions to general state of flight-demonstrated technology are summarized. Ramjet and scramjet propulsion technology has matured dramatically over the years in support of both military and space access applications.

The U.S. Navy's Contribution to Airbreathing Missile Propulsion Technology

: Volume I is a compilation of 55 unclassified/unlimited distribution papers presented at the 1997 meeting of the JANNAF 34th Combustion Subcommittee (CS) held jointly with the Propulsion Systems Hazards Subcommittee (PSHS), and the Airbreathing Propulsion Subcommittee (APS) on 27-30 October 1997 at the Palm Beach Gardens Marriott Hotel in West Palm Beach, Florida. Proceedings of the CS, PSHS, and APS meetings are published separately by CPIA. The CS meeting proceedings are published in four volumes. The PSHS and APS proceedings are available as CPIA Pubs 657 and 666 respectively. The JANNAF papers in this volume review propellant technology, charge concepts, erosion, interior ballistics and ignition for solid propellant guns; diagnostics and modeling for electrothermal chemical (ETC) guns; regenerative liquid propellant gun (RLPG) technology; liquid and hybrid rocket combustion technology; and solid propellant technology which includes AP combustion and bi-propellant combustion, kinetics, measurement techniques and thermal decomposition and cookoff.

34TH JANNAF Combustion Subcommittee Meeting, Volume 1, Pratt & Whitney and Palm Beach Gardens Marriott West Palm Beach, FL, 27 - 30 October 1997

This volume, the first of four volumes, is a collection of 33 unclassified/unlimited papers which were presented at the 33rd Joint Army-Navy-NASA-Air Force (JANNAF) Combustion Subcommittee Meeting in conjunction with the Propulsion Systems Hazards at the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA. The JANNAF papers contained in this volume review airbreathing combustion measurement, performance and control; electrothermal-chemical gun experiment and modeling; liquid propellant gun experiment and modeling; solid propellant gun interior ballistics; formulation modeling and diagnostics, ignition, and gun barrel wear modeling, blast and flash; and ram, fastcore and gas generator gun propulsion concepts.

JANNAF Combustion Subcommittee Meeting

This volume, the first of two volumes, is a collection of 55 unclassified/unlimited-distribution papers which were presented at the Joint Army-Navy-NASA-Air Force (JANNAF) 38th Combustion Subcommittee (CS), 26 th Airbreathing Propulsion Subcommittee (APS), 20th Propulsion Systems Hazards Subcommittee (PSHS), and 21 Modeling and Simulation Subcommittee. The meeting was held 8-12 April 2002 at the Bayside Inn at The Sandestin Golf & Beach Resort and Eglin Air Force Base, Destin, Florida. Topics cover five major technology areas including: 1) Combustion - Propellant Combustion, Ingredient Kinetics, Metal Combustion, Decomposition Processes and Material Characterization, Rocket Motor Combustion, and Liquid & Hybrid Combustion; 2) Liquid Rocket Engines - Low Cost Hydrocarbon Liquid Rocket Engines, Liquid Propulsion Turbines, Liquid Propulsion Pumps, and Staged Combustion Injector Technology; 3) Modeling & Simulation - Development of Multi- Disciplinary RBCC Modeling, Gun Modeling, and Computational Modeling for Liquid Propellant Combustion; 4) Guns Gun Propelling Charge Design, and ETC Gun Propulsion; and 5) Airbreathing - Scramjet an Ramjet- S&T Program Overviews.

Ronald S. Fry

Papers

A Century of Ramjet Propulsion Technology Evolution

The U.S. Navy's Contribution to Airbreathing Missile Propulsion Technology

34TH JANNAF Combustion Subcommittee Meeting, Volume 1, Pratt & Whitney and Palm Beach Gardens Marriott West Palm Beach, FL, 27 - 30 October 1997

JANNAF Combustion Subcommittee Meeting

38th JANNAF Combustion Subcommittee Meeting