A gas turbine, or like device which utilizes gas and is susceptible to damage from particles greater than a predetermined size in the gas stream, is protected by providing a cyclone downstream of a particle separator. If any particles are in the gas flow downstream of the particle separator--an aberrant condition--the cyclone will remove them and pass them to a particle trap, from which the particles flow to a measuring device. If the measuring device detects a significant number of particles, then an alarm is sounded or corrective action taken. The cyclone may be a horizontal cyclone, or a flow through cyclone.

Detection of particles in a hot gas flow upstream of a gas turbine

A process for the production of a fibre-reinforced ceramic composite by forming a precursor structure comprising a matrix of a composition comprising particulate ceramic material, liquid diluent and organic binder and fibres within the matrix, in which the fibres are formed from a composition comprising particulate ceramic material, liquid diluent and organic binder, and heating the precursor structure in order to evaporate the liquid diluent, decompose the organic binder and sinter the particles of ceramic material in both the matrix and the fibres Also, a precursor structure as described The ceramic composite may have a density of 95% or more of the maximum theoretical density

Production of fibre reinforced ceramic composite

A novel ceramic body consists of superposed alternating high density ceramic layers and high porosity ceramic layers with ceramic microstructures forming bridges between adjacent high density layers, the ceramic content of the overall body being 20-99 vol.%. The body may consist of luminescent ceramic, in which the high porosity layer voids are filled with either a resin matrix containing finely dispersed light scattering powder or a light reflective material, or may include a ferroelectric layer, the high porosity layer voids being filled with electrically conductive material. Also claimed is a method of producing a layered structure ceramic body by (a) stacking green ceramic foils alternately with foil matrices (FM) of thermally and/or oxidatively decomposable (preferably cellulose-based) material, having openings (DB) in the form of a microstructure; (b) pressure laminating the stack so that the green foil ceramic material flows into the microstructure (DB); and (c) sintering so that the foil matrices undergo residue-free decomposition.

Multilayer ceramic body with monolithic structure

A ceramic cover plate (1) of corundum with a thickness e.g. of 2 mm is connected via a fireproof adhesive to a layer of wave-form or smooth insulating fibre parts (3). An essentially thicker base plate (4) of e.g. 15 mm thickness can comprise schamotte with a clay content, i.e. less resistant material, since it is not exposed to the aggressive kiln atmosphere. As an alternative, fixture can be by means of pins which project into the wave valleys of the wave-form insulating fibre parts. This version has the advantage that adhesive is not used at the points which face the interior of the kiln, with only ceramic material facing the heat. USE/ADVANTAGE - A combination plate for ceramic firing kilns which has favourable heat insulating properties and a corrosion-resistant upper surface.

Combination plate for ceramic firing kiln - incorporates wave-form or smooth fibre parts connected 0.5-3 mm thick ceramic cover plate

Es wird ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffs aus mindestens zwei Schichten aufgezeigt, von denen mindestens eine Schicht (1) aus keramischer Masse besteht, indem die Roh- und Zuschlagsstoffe fur die Schicht (1) aus keramischer Masse angefeuchtet, gemischt und zu einer Grunschicht geprest werden. An der Grunschicht werden schwache Grenzflachen gebildet und die Schichten werden zu einem Verbundwerkstoff zusammengeprest. Es schliest sich das Trocknen und Brennen des Verbundwerkstoffs an. Die Grunschicht wird zur Bildung der schwachen Grenzflachen durch Walzen verdichtet. Das Zusammenpressen der Schichten zum Verbundwerkstoff geschieht durch einen weiteren Walzvorgang.

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffs aus mindestens zwei Schichten

In a process for producing ceramic of high heat resistance, at least one fibre ply of the same type of ceramic is attached to or incorporated in a green ceramic matrix to be sintered before the actual sintering step, in order to produce reinforced ceramic components of high heat resistance and high stress tolerance. The fiber ply is not fully infiltrated by the ceramic matrix. Due to the partially homogeneous bonding between the bonding materials of the same type, the reinforcing fiber ply has, with a ceramic component fabricated in accordance with the invention in operation, the effect of stopping cracks and securing fragments.

Process for producing ceramic of high heat resistance and especially a ceramic component fabricated by this process

In the case of a coal dust fired gas turbine plant with direct hot gas ignition an inertial filter (6) is arranged between the combustion chamber (5) and the first turbine stage (7), in which filter a curved flow, for example a circular flow, is induced, which filters out the heavy hot gas ash particles on the inertial and/or centrifugal force principle. The first turbine stage thereby admits only purified hot gas which no longer contains any larger ash particles which might attack erosively the rotor and guide blades of the turbine. The inertial filter (6) is preferably composed of highly compacted, heat-resistant ceramic and creates a filter action without significant throttle effect and without the insertion of a physical filter element, giving a gas turbine (7, 8) good efficiency with improved service life.

Rossmann Axel Ing Grad

Papers

Process for producing ceramic of high heat resistance and especially a ceramic component fabricated by this process

Method and device for the operation of a gas turbine