Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between various anthropometric measurements of hand and the Vertical Dimension of Occlusion (VDO).
Methods: A total number of 500 dentate subjects were selected in a time span of six months for the study. The hand anthropometric measurements included the length of index finger, length of little finger, length of thumb and the distance between tip of thumb and tip of index finger for the left and the right hand. The distance between sub-nasale and base of chin was taken as control for assessing VDO. All measurements were recorded using a digital Vernier caliper with an accuracy of ± 0.01 mm.
Results: For males, the thumb length showed a highly significant correlation (Pearson correlation coefficient-0.258, p-value-<0.001) with the VDO. For females, the tip of thumb to tip of index finger length showed a highly significant correlation (Pearson correlation coefficient-0.306, p-value-<0.001) with the VDO. Accordingly regression formulae were derived.
Conclusions: In the absence of any pre-extraction records, thumb length in males and the tip of thumb to tip of index finger length in females can be used to derive the vertical dimension using the respective regression formulae reliably.

An Anthropometric Analysis of Correlation of Occlusal Vertical Dimension to Measurements of Digits of Hand

PURPOSE
The aim of this systematic review was to explore the dental literature to identify high quality clinical studies that introduced methods of determining the vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO), and additionally to find studies which assessed alterations in the VDO.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
An electronic search of the literature was conducted through PubMed , Embase, and Cochrane Library databases referring to the determination and alteration of the VDO by 12/2021.


RESULTS
A total of 215 records were obtained from the initial search. After the first two screenings, 33 studies were selected for inclusion. Correlations in the morphometric group ranged between r=0.18-0.87, p⟨0.05-0.001, correlations in the cephalometric group ranged between r=0.28-0.92, p⟨0.05-0.001, and correlations in the mechanometric group ranged between r=0.21- 0.75, p⟨0.05-0.01. Regarding the alteration of VDO, in all studies the increase ranged between 1.8-8 mm and the patients adapted .


CONCLUSIONS
No clear guidelines can be established yet, in relation to the determination and alteration of the VDO. There is no apparent benefit in using more invasive and complex methods compared to the use of the facial anatomical landmarks. Patient adaptation seems to be successful when the range of VDO increase was 1.8-6.0 mm.

EPA Consensus Project Paper: The Vertical Dimension of Occlusion. How to Determine and How to Alter? A Systematic Review.

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Correlation of Vertical Dimension of Occlusion with the Length of Fingers in Different Ethnicity and Gender in Nepal

Aim A variety of anthropometric techniques have been proposed to determine the correct vertical dimension of occlusion. However, none have reported correlating thumb length (TL) with vertical dimension at rest (VDR). This study aimed to correlate the VDR to measurements of the thumb in a multi-national, multi-centric trial in participants with and without orthodontic treatment and establish a regression equation for each region. Settings and Design A cross-sectional multi-national, multi-centric correlation trial. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in India and Malaysia with a total of 688 participants. Measurements of thumb and VDR were obtained using a modified Willi's gauge using a standard operating procedure. Statistical Analysis Used Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated to determine the correlation between TL and VDR. A multiple linear regression was done to correlate VDR from gender, orthodontic treatment, and length of thumb. Results Correlation coefficient between TL and VDR in patients with orthodontic treatment was 0.829 and 0.774 in patients without orthodontic treatment. The correlation between TL and VDR in patients with orthodontic treatment in North India was 0.484, P = 0.010 and Malaysia was 0.946, P < 0.001. There were significant correlations between TL and VDR in patients without orthodontic treatment in all regions (P < 0.001). Regression equations were obtained for different ethnic groups for calculating the VDR. Conclusion There was an overall positive correlation between TL and VDR in patients with and without orthodontic treatment. The regression equations presented in this article could help clinicians in their clinical practice and researchers to conduct future trials.

Rupinder Singh Dhall

Papers

An anthropometric study to evaluate the correlation of vertical dimension at rest and length of thumb: A multi-national, multi-centre pilot study