This introductory text on the design and analysis of sample surveys emphasizes the practical aspects of survey problems. It begins with brief chapters on the role of sample surveys in the modern world. Thereafter, each chapter introduces a sample survey design or estimation procedure by describing the pertinent practical problem. The authors describe the methodology proposed for solving the problem and provide the details of the estimation procedure, including a compact presentation of the formulas needed to complete the analysis. Then, a practical example is worked out in complete detail. At the end of each chapter, a wealth of exercises gives students ample opportunity to practice the techniques and stretch their grasp of ideas.

Elementary Survey Sampling

This paper provides overview and instruction regarding the evaluation of interactive information retrieval systems with users The primary goal of this article is to catalog and compile material related to this topic into a single source This article (1) provides historical background on the development of user-centered approaches to the evaluation of interactive information retrieval systems; (2) describes the major components of interactive information retrieval system evaluation; (3) describes different experimental designs and sampling strategies; (4) presents core instruments and data collection techniques and measures; (5) explains basic data analysis techniques; and (4) reviews and discusses previous studies This article also discusses validity and reliability issues with respect to both measures and methods, presents background information on research ethics and discusses some ethical issues which are specific to studies of interactive information retrieval (IIR) Finally, this article concludes with a discussion of outstanding challenges and future research directions

https://www.nowpublishers.com/article/DownloadSummary/INR-012

Methods for Evaluating Interactive Information Retrieval Systems with Users

The design of control charts with respect to economic criteria has been the subject of considerable study during the last three decades. Several different process models have been developed and applied to most of the major types of control charts. this ..

The Economic Design of Control Charts: A Review and Literature Survey

This paper represents an attempt to offer a comprehensive bibliography of references on control charting using attribute data. A brief overview and perspective is given of some of the work in this ...

Control Charts Based on Attribute Data: Bibliography and Review

Although there have been many prototypes of visualization in support of information retrieval, there has been little systematic evaluation that distinguishes the benefits of the visualization per se from that of various accompanying features. The current study focuses on such an evaluation of NIRVE, a tool that supports visualization of search results. Insofar as possible, functionally equivalent 3D, 2D, and text versions of NIRVE were implemented. Nine novices and six professional users completed a series of information-seeking tasks on a set of retrieved documents. There were high interface costs for the 3D visualization, although those costs decreased substantially with experience. Performance was best when the tool’s properties matched task demands; only under the right combination of task, user, and interface did 3D visualization result in performance comparable to functionally matched 2D and textual tools.

https://www.itl.nist.gov/iaui/vu/cugini/uicd/sigir-paper-jun99.pdf

Visualization of search results: a comparative evaluation of text, 2D, and 3D interfaces

We present the design of a visualization tool that graphically displays the strength of query concepts in the retrieved documents. Graphically displaying document surrogate information enables set-at-a-time perusal of documents, rather than document-at-a-time perusal of textual displays. By prvialing additional relevance information about the retrieved documents, the tool aids the user in accurately identifying relevant documents. Results of an experiment evaluating the tool shows that when users have the tool they are able to identify relevant documents in a shorter period of time than without the tool, and with increased accuracy. We have evidence to believe that appropriately designed graphical displays can enable users to better interact with the system.

Effectiveness of a graphical display of retrieval results

An expected cost model for the fraction defective control chart for the case where there are several out-of-control states is developed. A procedure is presented for determining the sample size, control limit or critical region, and interval between samples which minimizes the expected cost of control per unit of product. The expected cost of control consists of the cost of sampling, the cost of investigating and possibly correcting the process when an out-of-control condition is indicated, and the cost of producing defective product. Direct search techniques are used to optimize the expected cost function. Numerical examples and sensitivity analysis of the model are presented.

Economic Design of Fraction Defective Control Charts

Control charts are widely used for process surveillance. The design of a control chart refers to the choice of sample size, the width of the control limits, and the interval between samples. Economic designs have been widely investigated and shown to be an effective method of determining control chart parameters. This article describes two different manufacturing process models to which the X¯ control chart is applied: The first model assumes that the process continues in operation while searches for the assignable cause are made, and the second assumes that the process must be shut down during the search. Economic models of the control chart for these two manufacturing process models are developed, and the sensitivity of the control chart parameters to the choice of model is explored. It is shown that the choice of the proper manufacturing process model is critical because selection of an inappropriate process model may result in significant economic penalties.

Economic design of X control charts for two manufacturing process models

This note continues the study of various probability models for the duration of the process in the in-control state in the economic design of control charts. The fraction defective control chart is investigated, using both a discrete-time Markov model and two non-Markov models. Numericalexamples are presented which indicate that the process failure mechanism is an important consideration in optimum control chart design.

Process failure mechanisms and optimal design of fraction defective control charts

The use of three probability distributions to model the time to failure in an economic model of a multivariate quality control procedure is investigated. A discrete-time Markov (geometric) model is developed, as well as two non-Markovian (Poisson and logarithmic series) models. Numerical examples are presented which indicate that both the Markov assumption and the shape of the distribution of time to failure are of considerable importance in determining the optimal test parameters.

Russell G. Heikes

Papers

Effectiveness of a graphical display of retrieval results

Economic Design of Fraction Defective Control Charts

Economic design of X control charts for two manufacturing process models

Process failure mechanisms and optimal design of fraction defective control charts

Alternative Process Models in the Economic Design of T2 Control Charts