萨义德以其独特的双重身份,对西方中心权力话语做了分析,通过对文学作品、演讲演说等文本的解读,将O rie n ta lis m——"东方学",做了三重释义:一门学科、一种思维方式和一种权力话语系统,对东方学权力话语做了系统的批判,同时将东方学放入空间维度对东方学文本做了细致的解读。

萨义德的“Orientalism”释义

It comes as something ofa surprise to reflect that the New York Review ofBooks is now over twenty years old. Even people of my generation (that is, old enough to remember the revolutionary 196os but not young enough to have taken a very exciting part in them) think of the paper as eternally youthful. In fact, it has gone through years of relatively quiet life, yet, as always in a competitive journalistic market, it is the controversies that attract the interest of the reader and to which the history (especially an admittedly impressionistic survey that tries to include something of the intellectual context in which a journal has operated) must give some attention. Not all the attacks which the New York Review has attracted, both early in its career and more recently, are worth more than a brief summary. What do we now make, for example, of Richard Kostelanetz's forthright accusation that 'The New York Review was from its origins destined to publicize Random House's (and especially [Jason] Epstein's) books and writers'?1 Well, simply that, even if the statistics bear out the charge (and Kostelanetz provides some suggestive evidence to support it, at least with respect to some early issues), there is nothing surprising in a market economy about a publisher trying to push his books through the pages of a journal edited by his friends. True, the New York Review has not had room to review more than around fifteen books in each issue and there could be a bias in the selection of

http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/3507774.pdf

The New York Review of Books

Trauma and Recovery: The Aftermath of Violence — from Domestic Abuse to Political Terror, Judith Lewis Herman. New York: Basic Books, 1992. 276 pp. $27.00. ISBN 0-465-08765–5.Shattered Assumptions: Toward A New Psychology of Trauma, Ronnie Janoff-Bulman. New York: The Free Press, 1992, 256 pp. $24.95. ISBN 0-02-916015–4.

Trauma and Recovery: The Aftermath of Violence — from Domestic Abuse to Political Terror

(1963). Cybernetics, or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine. Technometrics: Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 128-130.

Cybernetics, or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine

The Intimate Enemy: Loss and Recovery of Self Under Colonialism

This research aims to consider literature as a significant tool for teaching fundamental language skills including speaking, listening, reading and writing. Reasons for the use of literature in language classrooms and major factors for choosing appropriate kinds of literary texts in such classes should be highlighted in order to make readers aware of the primary reasons that why language instructors are suggested to use literary texts. Furthermore, teaching language skills through literature, advantages of various kinds of genres of literature to language teaching and some issues faced by language instructors in teaching language via literature are considered in the present study.

/pdf/significance-of-literature-in-foreign-language-teaching-52ahmvub2h.pdf

Significance of Literature in Foreign Language Teaching.

The present study pursues the evolution of an organized system of play writing known as the modern and contemporary social drama. It is believed that this social drama has its roots in the condition of life in the nineteenth century and in a larger sense, it is the inevitable consequence of a long process which has begun with the Renaissance. In relation to this inquiry, the present study by focusing on Harold Pinter's The Homecoming (1965) attempts to clarify the social position of men and women in the modern drama.  In this regard, the present paper points briefly to the social condition of life in the nineteenth century, and considers its inevitable effects on our time and then depicts the reflection of that condition on modern social drama. Key words: Social drama; Modernism; Nineteenth century; Social condition

/pdf/modernism-and-social-condition-a-study-on-harold-pinter-s-1dl42db6lp.pdf

Modernism and Social Condition: A Study on Harold Pinter's The Homecoming

A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1914) is considered to be one of the major examples of the genre bildungsroman (the novel of the artist). This study concerns the search of the protagonist, Stephen Dedalus, for identity and meaning, which encompass a time period from his infancy to his late adolescence. In quest of identity and meaning, Stephen breaks from two totalities- nationalism and Catholic Church- that rule over his life. The present study reads the novel within a deconstructive perspective.  Stephen like Nietzsche wants to talk about “the death of god” to pave the way for his exploration of meaning and identity. He tends to rebel and go beyond what Lyotard calls “the grand narrative”. Key words : Deconstruction; Metanarrative; Nationalism; Catholic Church; Simulation

/pdf/stephan-s-brave-new-world-a-deconstructive-reading-on-james-47w2v69hc8.pdf

Stephan’s Brave New World: A Deconstructive Reading on James Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man

Textbook evaluation is determining the productivity and value of textbooks with respect to stated objectives, standards, or criteria. This study was an attempt to evaluate the ESP medical textbook, which is taught at some universities in Iran. To gather the necessary data, two researcher-made questionnaires and one interview protocol were used. Iranian Medical instructors and learners answered to a 28-item questionnaire to express their attitudes towards the content, exercises, and topics of their ESP course book. In addition, some members of both groups participated in an interview to gain in depth information about the study. They were both male and female. The findings revealed that the content and the topics of the ESP medical textbook are based on the learners and instructors’ needs. The results of this study have a number of implications for medical instructors, learners, and syllabus designers.

/pdf/an-evaluating-study-on-esp-medical-textbook-instructors-and-3dbp7y23fa.pdf

An Evaluating Study on ESP Medical Textbook: Instructors and Learners’ Needs Analysis

The purpose of this review is firstly to show the formation of dystopia that finds its roots in utopia Then, the foundation of dystopian fiction from the perspectives of such critics as Chad Walsh, Tom Moylan, Mark R Hillegas, and Erika Gottlieb, among some others, is investigated Finally, we briefly reveal the standing of Aldous Huxley, Kurt Vonnegut, and Don DeLillo, among many other dystopian writers, in depiction of dystopian societies This study also attempts to explain how works of these three writers were revolutionary in their challenging of the new values that led to the degradation of human dignity

/pdf/critical-review-on-the-idea-of-dystopia-3z488f92jm.pdf

Ruzbeh Babaee

Papers

Significance of Literature in Foreign Language Teaching.

Modernism and Social Condition: A Study on Harold Pinter's The Homecoming

Stephan’s Brave New World: A Deconstructive Reading on James Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man

An Evaluating Study on ESP Medical Textbook: Instructors and Learners’ Needs Analysis

Critical Review on the Idea of Dystopia