In the present study, biosynthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) was achieved using three manglicolous fungi, STSP10 (Trichoderma asperellum), STSP 19 (Phialemoniopsis ocularis) and STSP 27 (Fusarium incarnatum) isolated from estuarine mangrove sediment of Indian Sundarban. Synthesised IONPs were initially monitored by UV-Vis spectrophotometer and further characterised by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, which provides information regarding proteins and other organic residues involved with iron nanoparticle. The morphology of iron nanoparticle were found to be spherical with average particle size ranging between 25 ± 3.94 nm for T. asperellum, 13.13 ± 4.32 nm for P. ocularis and 30.56 ± 8.68 nm for F. incarnatum, which were confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Energy-dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX) analysis was performed during FESEM study to confirm the presence of elemental Fe in the sample. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern has shown that the IONPs are iron oxide in nature.

Green Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Mediated by Filamentous Fungi Isolated from Sundarban Mangrove Ecosystem, India

Biodegradation of anthracene and several PAHs by the marine-derived fungus Cladosporium sp. CBMAI 1237

Endophytes are considered one of the most important microbial resources for obtaining biomolecules of therapeutic use. Passiflora incarnata, widely employed by the pharmaceutical industry, shows therapeutic effects on anxiety, nervousness, constipation, dyspepsia and insomnia based on their antioxidant compounds. In this study, from 315 endophytic fungi isolated from P. incarnata leaves, 60 were selected to determinate presence of chemical constituents related with antioxidant activity, based on their production of soluble pigments. The promising fungi were evaluated specifically on their potential to produce phenolic compounds, flavonoids and for antioxidant activity. Five isolates significantly produced flavonoids and phenolic compounds in the ethyl acetate and n-Butanol extracts, also saponins and high antioxidant activity against the DPPH (2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical. A strain of Aspergillus nidulans var. dentatus (former Emericella dentata) was able to produce tannins as well; its butanolic extract was very similar than the BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) (94.3% × 94.32%) and Rutin (95.8%) reference substances in the DPPH radical scavenging. Similarly, a Chaetomium strain exhibited 93.6% and 94.7% of antioxidant activity in their ethyl acetate and butanolic fractions, respectively. The chromatographic analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction from the Aspergillus strain revealed the production of orcinol (3.19%). Four-methoxymethylphenol (4.79%), sorbicillin (33.59%) and ergosterol (23.08%) was produced by Trichoderma longibrachiatum and isopropenyl-1,4-dimethyl-1,2,3,3a,4,5,6,7-octahydroazulene were found in two Fusarium oxysporum strains. The phytochemical screening showed that all analyzed fungi were able to produce a kind of secondary metabolite (phenols, flavonoids, tannins and/or saponins). The study shows a great underexplored potential for industrial application of P. incarnata endophytes.

Endophytic fungi from Passiflora incarnata: an antioxidant compound source.

Polyphasic taxonomy of Penicillium subgenus Furcatum.

L-glutaminase from bacterial sources has been proven to be effective and economical agents in cancer therapy, food industry and high-value chemicals like threonine. In the present study, a newly is...

Production, optimization, purification, characterization, and anti-cancer application of extracellular L-glutaminase produced from the marine bacterial isolate

We report a rapid and efficient method of genomic DNA extraction from filamentous fungi with high-throughput potential. The method involves disruption of fungal cell by bead beating in a homogenizer, followed by RNase treatment, phenol: chloroform: Isoamyl alcohol extraction and precipitation with isopropanol. The method does not involve any enzymatic digestion and it can be completed within 2.5 hours. The method yielded good quality and quantity (60 μg – 230 μg/200 mg of wet fungal mass) of the DNA. Being a closed system of gDNA extraction, our method has been found to be useful in avoiding the laboratory borne contamination during DNA extraction. The extracted DNA was found to be suitable for PCR based molecular methods like single and multicopy gene amplification and RAPD analysis.

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S. Aamir

Papers

A rapid and efficient method of fungal genomic DNA extraction, suitable for PCR based molecular methods