S. Chattopadhyay

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors verify the selection of the size, shape and material under a target cutting load that are used by various researchers in designing the cutting dynamometers successfully and compare the values obtained for the maximum deflection, strain and total von-Mises stress developed at the most heavily stressed point through SOLIDWORKS with corresponding theoretical or experimental values obtained by the researchers.

TL;DR: Solid-state welding refers to the joining of similar and dissimilar materials below their melting temperature as mentioned in this paper , where the weld formation occurs due to the intermolecular diffusion in which the interface molecules of workpieces flow from higher concentration regions to lower concentration regions due to applied pressure.