S. L. Lachnicht

TL;DR: Red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren were relatively the most abundant heliothine predators observed and lady beetles included the convergent lady beetle, Hippodamia convergens Guérin-Méneville; the sevenspotted lady beetle; and the multicolored Asian lady beetle occurred in cover crops and cotton during both years of the experiment.

TL;DR: Exotic earthworms do invade ecosystems inhabited by indigenous earthworms, even in the absence of obvious disturbance, and resistance to exotic earthworm invasions, if it occurs, may be more a function of physical and chemical characteristics of a habitat than of biological interactions between native and exotic earthworms.

TL;DR: The most conspicuous biological inva- sions in terrestrial ecosystems have been by exotic plants, insects and vertebrates. as mentioned in this paper explored the idea that indigenous earthworm fauna and/or characteristics of their characteristics are common in ecosystems inhabited by native earthworms, especially where soils are undisturbed.

TL;DR: Land management practices that influence the establishment of introduced species in several ecosystem types are examined, and situations where land management may be useful in limiting the spread of introduced earthworm species are identified.