After a brief introduction to membrane processes in general, and the reverse osmosis process in particular, the structure and properties of membranes and membrane transport theory are described. The mechanism of salt rejection and transport properties of membranes are discussed in detail. Solubility, diffusivity, and permeability of membranes to solutes and solvents are reviewed critically and compared with each other. Special attention is given to two particular types of membranes, cellulose acetate (CA) and aromatic polyamide (AP) membranes, which are often used for water desalination. The major portion of this article is devoted to the review and discussion of membrane transport theory with application to the reverse osmosis and ultrafiltralion processes. It is shown that the solvent flux can be represented reasonably well by linear models such as the solution-diffusion model (Lonsdale, et al., 1965). The contribution of pore flow to the solvent flux is small. The solute flux, however, is not ...

Review of reverse osmosis membranes and transport models

https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5264&context=eispapers

Role of Pressure in Organic Fouling in Forward Osmosis and Reverse Osmosis

Estimation of mass transfer coefficient using a combined nonlinear membrane transport and film theory model

Probing the hydrophobicity of commercial reverse osmosis membranes produced by interfacial polymerization using contact angle, XPS, FTIR, FE-SEM and AFM

S. Sourirajan

Papers

Reverse osmosis and synthetic membranes : theory, technology, engineering