Bioethanol is one of the most promising and eco-friendly alternatives to fossil fuels, which is produced from renewable sources. Although almost all the current fuel ethanol is generated from edible sources (sugars and starch), lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) has drawn much attention in recent times. However, the conversion efficiency as well as ethanol yield of the biomass differs greatly with respect to the source and nature of LCB, primarily due to the variation in lignocellulosic content. Two major polysaccharides in LCB, namely, cellulose and hemicellulose firmly link to lignin and form a complex lignocellulosic network, which is highly robust and recalcitrant to depolymerization. For this reason, generation of ethanol from LCB requires a complicated conversion process that has made it commercially non-competitive. As attempts to exploit LCBs into commercial ethanol production, recent research efforts have been devoted to the techno-economic improvements of the overall conversion process, in addition to screen out promising feedstocks. This review paper presents an overview on the diversity of biomass, technological approaches and microbial contribution to the conversion of LCB into ethanol.

Fuel ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass: an overview on feedstocks and technological approaches.

Agricultural residues are rich in bioactive compounds. These residues can be used as an alternate source for the production of different products like biogas, biofuel, mushroom, and tempeh as the raw material in various researches and industries. The use of agro-industrial wastes as raw materials can help to reduce the production cost and also reduce the pollution load from the environment. Agro-industrial wastes are used for manufacturing of biofuels, enzymes, vitamins, antioxidants, animal feed, antibiotics, and other chemicals through solid state fermentation (SSF). A variety of microorganisms are used for the production of these valuable products through SSF processes. Therefore, SSF and their effect on the formation of value-added products are reviewed and discussed.

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Agro-industrial wastes and their utilization using solid state fermentation: a review

Production and characterization of cellulolytic enzymes from the thermoacidophilic fungal Aspergillus terreus M11 under solid-state cultivation of corn stover

Optimization of cellulase production by a brown rot fungus Fomitopsis sp. RCK2010 under solid state fermentation.

Enzyme production by solid-state fermentation: Application to animal nutrition

Production and characterization of cellulolytic enzymes from the thermophilic fungus Thermoascus aurantiacus under solid state cultivation of agricultural wastes

S Vlachou

Papers

Production and characterization of cellulolytic enzymes from the thermophilic fungus Thermoascus aurantiacus under solid state cultivation of agricultural wastes