Nanoencapsulation of basil essential oil alleviates the oxidative stress, genotoxicity and DNA damage in rats exposed to biosynthesized iron nanoparticles.

This research aims at the synthesis and characterization of silica modified magnetic iron oxide (IONP-SiO2) nanocomposites through a hydrothermal method. These nanocomposites will function as nanocarriers for doxorubicin (DOX) drug delivery system towards liver cancer therapy. Core–shells of monodispersed, spherical shaped, and nanosized nanocomposites were determined using the transmission electron microscopy. In addition, the X-ray powder diffraction patterns indicated the crystallization of the as-synthetized nanocomposites with diffraction peak at 2θ = 35.44° consistent to that of Fe3O4 (311). The XANES spectra of the iron atom in various samples demonstrated an absorbance feature (Fe = 7112 eV) of a 1 s to 3d transition. The characteristic bands between 1625, 1091, and 460 cm−1 are corresponding to the stretching vibration bends of Si-O bonds, indicating an effective coating of SiO2 on the surface of IONPs. The cell cytotoxicity tests indicated that there were no considerable cell toxicities observed among the Huh 7 and HepG2 liver cancer cells incubated using various concentrations of IONPs and IONP-SIO2. Interestingly, cell viability tests showed that after DOX encapsulation, the IONP-SIO2-DOX complex was able to induce more cell apoptosis or necrosis. This study presents an interdisciplinary work to create a new formulation of DOX delivery in liver cancer therapy with consequential advanced treatment. The IONP-SiO2 based drug delivery mechanism would be a possible mechanism to enhancing targeted delivery of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs and MRI imaging.

Preparation, characterization, and in-vitro studies of doxorubicin-encapsulated silica coated iron oxide nanocomposites on liver cancer cells

Objective(s): Nowadays, examining the toxicity of nanoparticles including the synthesized and functionalized iron nanoparticles using methods like green synthesis is highly considered, due to their increasing usage in various fields of medicine, biology, industrial, and pollution removal. Hence, in this study, the toxicity of the zero valent iron nanoparticles synthesized by plant-Myrtus communis (MC-ZVINP) was investigated. Methods: Human normal Foreskin Fibroblast (HFF) cells were used for cytotoxicity examination using MTT method. Also, biochemical factors such as liver enzymes level, and factors such as the number of white and red globules, lymphocytes, platelets, amount of blood hemoglobin, and histopathological test of liver tissue in laboratory small rats were examined after intraperitoneal injections of the MC-ZVINP with different concentrations daily and a duration of 3-month, with the groups receiving trivalent iron, the extract of plant-case, and normal saline. Results: Cytotoxicity concentration of iron-case nanoparticles was obtained for 50% of HFF cells (CC50=149.23±4.45μg/mL). The results obtained from the blood factors examination showed a decreased the serum level of liver enzymes as well as an increase in the number of red and white globules and hemoglobin rate in mice receiving iron nanoparticles compared to the trivalent iron receiving group. Receiving the concentrations of 100 and 200 mg/kg/bw of iron nanoparticles have caused the incidence of mild and moderate inflammation in the liver of mice. Conclusions: Generally, it can be concluded that, the MC-ZVINP have shown no significant toxicity on the levels of blood cells, enzymes, and liver tissue.

http://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_40567_f33779b1a75a4019136b9b4ef872eb0a.pdf

Safety Evaluation of Nano Iron Zero Valente Green Synthesized: A Comparative Study

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPS) have potential different applications in nanomedicine. These new applications of IONPS have raised exposure risk of this nanomaterials to humans. Up to now, all aspects of IONPS toxicity are not fully clear following animal’s exposure with these novel compounds. This study aimed to investigate the acute toxicity effects of IONPS in laboratory animals regarding pathotoxicological analysis and clinical aspects. Twenty four male Wistar rats were randomly chosen, and divided into four groups of six rats each. The first, second, and the third groups received 50, 500, and 5000 mg/kg of IONPS solution orally for five days through gavage, respectively. Animal mortality, clinical sings and body weight were evaluated during the study. Fourteen days after the last administration, rats were euthanized for further investigation for histopathological evaluation. There were no death observed in all groups. High and middle dose of the IONPS caused symptoms like lethargy, ataxia, anorexia, isolation, and respiratory arrhythmia over the period of the study. The subjects of the low dose group showed no signs of toxicity. Specific histopathological complications, like hyaline cast in the kidneys, hyperemia and interstitial thickening in the lungs, hemorrhage in the heart and hepatic degeneration in the liver were observed in high dose group. Thus, it can be concluded that, toxicity of IONPS in rats is dose-dependent. This particular size of IONPS can induce serious pathological abnormalities and clinical symptoms in high dose.

http://www.nanomedicine-rj.com/article_37798_2c3c80500390c5e53c66fe3b8a7d5c30.pdf

Saba Talesh

Papers

Acute toxicity investigation regarding clinical and pathological aspects following repeated oral administration of iron oxide nanoparticles in rats