A quaternary oxide includes a dopant metal, a dopant nonmetal, titanium, and oxygen. The atomic ratio of titanium, oxygen and dopant nonmetal may be 1:0.5-1.99:0.01-1.5. Quaternary oxides may be used in catalytic compositions, in coatings for disinfecting surfaces and in coatings for self-cleaning surfaces. A method of making a quaternary oxide includes combining ingredients including a titanium source, a dopant nonmetal source, a dopant metal salt, and a polar organic solvent to form a reaction mixture; and heating the reaction mixture.

Quaternary oxides and catalysts containing quaternary oxides

A catalyst for the production of acrylic acid by the vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of acrolein or acrolein-containing gas and a method for the production of acrylic acid by the use of this catalyst are provided. The catalyst of this invention comprises (A) a catalyst having Mo and V as essential components and used for the production of acrylic acid by vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of acrolein and (B) a solid acid having acid strength (Ho) of not more than −11.93. Since this catalyst excels in catalytic activity and service life, it allows acrylic acid to be produced stably at a high yield for a long time.

Catalyst for production of acrylic acid and method for production of acrylic acid by the use of the catalyst

A method for reactivating a solid alkylation catalyst is provided which can be performed within a reactor that contains the alkylation catalyst or outside the reactor Effective catalyst reactivation is achieved whether the catalyst is completely deactivated or partially deactivated A fluid reactivating agent is employed to dissolve catalyst fouling agents and also to react with such agents and carry away the reaction products The deactivated catalyst is contacted with the fluid reactivating agent under pressure and temperature conditions such that the fluid reactivating agent is dense enough to effectively dissolve the fouling agents and any reaction products of the fouling agents and the reactivating agent Useful pressures and temperatures for reactivation include near-critical, critical, and supercritical pressures and temperatures for the reactivating agent The fluid reactivating agent can include, for example, a branched paraffin containing at least one tertiary carbon atom, or a compound that can be isomerized to a molecule containing at least one tertiary carbon atom

Method and reactivating solid catalysts used in alkylation reactions

A method of reactivating a catalyst, such as a solid catalyst or a liquid catalyst. The method comprises providing a catalyst that is at least partially deactivated by fouling agents. The catalyst is contacted with a fluid reactivating agent that is at or above a critical point of the fluid reactivating agent and is of sufficient density to dissolve impurities. The fluid reactivating agent reacts with at least one fouling agent, releasing the at least one fouling agent from the catalyst. The at least one fouling agent becomes dissolved in the fluid reactivating agent and is subsequently separated or removed from the fluid reactivating agent so that the fluid reactivating agent may be reused. A system for reactivating a catalyst is also disclosed.

Method and system for reactivating catalysts and a method and system for recycling supercritical fluids used to reactivate the catalysts

A method of continuously promoting the activity of solid strong acid catalysts used in acid catalyzed reactions by adding or generating water in the reaction mixture has been developed. The solid strong acid catalyst may be a sulfated metal oxide, a tungstated metal oxide, or a molybdated metal oxide. The metal oxides are oxides, hydroxides, oxyhydroxides, or oxide-hydrates of Group IV-A, Group III-A, Group III-B, and Group V-A metals. The catalyst may also contain a Group VIII metal, or when the metal oxide is a hydroxide, oxide, oxyhydroxide, or oxide-hydrate of the Group IV-A, Group III-A, or Group III-B metals, the catalyst may also contain an oxide, hydroxide, oxyhydroxide or oxide-hydrate of a Group V-A, Group V-B, Group VI-B, or Group VII-B metal as a promoter. The acid catalyzed reactions where the activity promotion method may be applied include catalytic cracking, catalytic reforming, hydrodesulfurization, isomerization, alkylation of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, polymerization, and oligomerization. The amount of water added to or generated in the reaction mixture may be from about 0.1 ppm to about 500 ppm water.

Method of promoting the activity of solid strong acid catalysts

Disclosed is an alkylation catalyst to form adducts or alkylates of a C 3 -C 9 olefin with a C 4 to C 9 isoparaffin comprising a sulfated mixed oxide of titanium and nickel, wherein the percent by weight of titanium is at least 80%; of nickel is in the range 1-4%; and of sulfur in the range 1-10%. Also disclosed are the appropriate ratios of olefin to isoparaffin and the use of adamantane to increase yields.

Saeed Alerasool

Papers

Solid acid alkylation using a sulfated mixed oxide of titanium/nickel