Summary and Outlook The complete removal of ruthenium residues from olefinmetathesis reaction products is rather challenging and oftenposes serious problems. In addition to pharmaceuticalchemistry applications, where the acceptable ruthenium con-tent is <5 ppm in the final compound, efficient purificationof olefin metathesis products is also highly important in thecase of polymeric materials, especially when these are to beused in electronics and other technologically advanced ap-plications. Equally important, unsuccessful exclusion ofruthenium impurities during the production of fine chemi-cals invokes the danger of undesired side-reactions in subse-quent steps.The objective of the present Minireview is to thoroughlydiscuss all available strategies for the removal of rutheniumimpurities from olefin metathesis post-reaction mixtures. Inview of the fact that there are many different approachesdealing with this problem, the assembly of this work willserve as a valuable guide for the synthetic chemist utilizingruthenium catalyzed metathesis reactions in the synthesis ofeither organic or polymeric materials.

Removing Ruthenium Residues from Olefin Metathesis Reaction Products

http://digital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/95760/1/BIOMAT2014paraDigital.pdf

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The bulk properties of a copolymer are directly affected by monomer sequence, yet efficient, scalable, and controllable syntheses of sequenced copolymers remain a defining challenge in polymer scie...

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Sequence-Controlled Polymers Through Entropy-Driven Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization: Theory, Molecular Weight Control, and Monomer Design

Methods for removing the residual Grubbs' third generation catalyst from polymers prepared by ring opening metathesis polymerization are reported. Two strategies were investigated for reduction of the residual catalyst in the final polymer product. The first strategy involved the use of heterogeneous functionalized particles to scavenge the catalyst from the solution. Filtration of the particles followed by precipitation produced polymers with 10–60 ppm residual catalyst, depending on the type of particle used, surface functional groups, and number of equivalents. The second strategy used small organic molecules that could coordinate to the metal species and modify the solubility of the catalyst, facilitating partitioning of the catalyst into the precipitation solvent. Several types of molecules with varied functionality reduced the residual catalyst level to 30–120 ppm, depending on the loading. Hydrogenation of the polymer backbone followed by precipitation lowered the residual Ru content from 195 ppm to 10 ppm, suggesting that the difficulty of completely removing the catalyst could be a result of coordination of the metal species to the double bonds in the polymer backbone. Reducing the amount of trace catalyst significantly improved the oxidative stability of the polymer. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010

Samuel J. Pederson

Papers

Methods for removal of residual catalyst from polymers prepared by ring opening metathesis polymerization