https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/bitstream/22282913/180385/1/T202004676.pdf

Impact of coronavirus syndromes on physical and mental health of health care workers: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

PurposeInadequate literacy is common among patients with diabetes and may lead to adverse outcomes. The authors reviewed the relationship between literacy and health outcomes in patients with diabetes and potential interventions to improve outcomes.MethodsWe reviewed 79 articles covering 3 key domains: (1) evaluation of screening tools to identify inadequate literacy and numeracy, (2) the relationships of a range of diabetes-related health outcomes with literacy and numeracy, and (3) interventions to reduce literacy-related differences in health outcomes.ResultsSeveral screening tools are available to assess patients’ print literacy and numeracy skills, some specifically addressing diabetes. Literacy and numeracy are consistently associated with diabetes-related knowledge. Some studies suggest literacy and numeracy are associated with intermediate outcomes, including self-efficacy, communication, and self-care (including adherence), but the relationship between literacy and glycemic control is mixed. Few ...

Update on Health Literacy and Diabetes

Health literacy is the degree to which individuals are able to access and process basic health information and services and thereby participate in health-related decisions. Limited health literacy is highly prevalent in the United States and is strongly associated with patient morbidity, mortality, healthcare use, and costs. The objectives of this American Heart Association scientific statement are (1) to summarize the relevance of health literacy to cardiovascular health; (2) to present the adverse associations of health literacy with cardiovascular risk factors, conditions, and treatments; (3) to suggest strategies that address barriers imposed by limited health literacy on the management and prevention of cardiovascular disease; (4) to demonstrate the contributions of health literacy to health disparities, given its association with social determinants of health; and (5) to propose future directions for how health literacy can be integrated into the American Heart Association’s mandate to advance cardiovascular treatment and research, thereby improving patient care and public health. Inadequate health literacy is a barrier to the American Heart Association meeting its 2020 Impact Goals, and this statement articulates the rationale to anticipate and address the adverse cardiovascular effects associated with health literacy.

Health Literacy and Cardiovascular Disease: Fundamental Relevance to Primary and Secondary Prevention: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Diabetes is a chronic illness that places a significant self-management burden on affected individuals and families. Given the importance of health behaviors-such as medication adherence, diet, physical activity, blood glucose self-monitoring-in achieving optimal glycemic control in diabetes, interventions designed and delivered by psychologists hold promise in assisting children, adolescents, and adults with diabetes in improving their health status and lowering their risk of serious complications. This article first provides an overview of diabetes self-management and associated challenges and burdens. Socioeconomic status factors that may influence diabetes management and outcomes are briefly highlighted. We then review the evidence base for select psychosocial factors that may be implicated in diabetes self-management. Modifiable targets of psychological intervention are presented across 3 overarching domains: (a) knowledge, beliefs, and related cognitive constructs; (b) emotional distress and well-being; and (c) behavioral skills and coping. Important methodological issues facing future research are discussed, along with opportunities for psychologists in improving the care and treatment outcomes of individuals and families living with diabetes. In conclusion, we advocate for continued research emphasis on improving psychosocial aspects of living with diabetes, with greater attention to the situational context in which the self-regulatory processes underlying self-management occur. Psychologists have important roles to play in reducing emotional distress, improving patient knowledge, and providing training in behavioral skills to promote successful self-management and to support patient-centered diabetes care. (PsycINFO Database Record

Psychosocial factors in medication adherence and diabetes self-management: Implications for research and practice.

Science is a way of knowing about the world. At once a process, a product, and an institution, science enables people to both engage in the construction of new knowledge as well as use information to achieve desired ends. Access to science—whether using knowledge or creating it—necessitates some level of familiarity with the enterprise and practice of science: we refer to this as science literacy.Science literacy is desirable not only for individuals, but also for the health and well- being of communities and society. More than just basic knowledge of science facts, contemporary definitions of science literacy have expanded to include understandings of scientific processes and practices, familiarity with how science and scientists work, a capacity to weigh and evaluate the products of science, and an ability to engage in civic decisions about the value of science. Although science literacy has traditionally been seen as the responsibility of individuals, individuals are nested within communities that are nested within societies—and, as a result, individual science literacy is limited or enhanced by the circumstances of that nesting. Science Literacy studies the role of science literacy in public support of science. This report synthesizes the available research literature on science literacy, makes recommendations on the need to improve the understanding of science and scientific research in the United States, and considers the relationship between scientific literacy and support for and use of science and research.

Science Literacy: Concepts, Contexts, and Consequences

BACKGROUND
Low health literacy is considered a potential barrier to improving health outcomes in people with diabetes and other chronic conditions, although the evidence has not been previously systematically reviewed.

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Health Literacy and Health Outcomes in Diabetes: A Systematic Review

Aims, Objectives and Background The climate crisis is the biggest health threat facing humanity and healthcare accounts for approximately 5% of the UK’s carbon footprint. To address this, the NHS has set the ambitious target of achieving net-zero emissions by 2040. This raises the question as to how emergency departments – sites of resource-intensive clinical activity – can be engaged appropriately on environmental sustainability. Can a standardised approach be developed to hasten and consolidate efforts? To test this, we developed the GreenED framework. The aim was to trial a set of actionable criteria that could be implemented by any ED seeking to measure and reduce impacts, and increase staff engagement. It is designed to be easy to implement in the context of the emergency care crisis, and administered by RCEM. To our knowledge, this is the first framework in the world specifically designed for use in EDs. Method and Design The framework is modelled on UCL’s successful LEAF programme for sustainable laboratories. Criteria were drafted based on a review of literature in healthcare sustainability relevant to emergency care, and structured into bronze, silver and gold levels based on anticipated feasibility. ED staff in 8 departments across England were then recruited to pilot bronze level. Following an induction session, participants were engaged via monthly meetings, providing updates on progress and sharing approaches and challenges. Verbal feedback and written submissions were collected. Results and Conclusion Sites attempted as many actions as possible; most achieved at least 3 criteria. Identified obstacles were lack of senior support, guidance on how to implement changes, and time for sustainability work. Through both measurable impacts and qualitative feedback, this pilot has shown a clear demand for reducing environmental impacts, but significant challenges impeding progress. To continue leading in this we need to ensure senior buy-in and dedicate resources towards improving the sustainability of everyday departmental practices.

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Sandy Robertson

Papers

Health Literacy and Health Outcomes in Diabetes: A Systematic Review

1673 Environmental leadership and the ‘green’ ED