Contact of a crude feed with one or more catalysts containing a transition metal sulfide produces a total product that includes a crude product. The crude feed has a residue content of at least 0.2 grams of residue per gram of crude feed. The crude product is a liquid mixture at 25° C. and 0.101 MPa. One or more properties of the crude product may be changed by at least 10% relative to the respective properties of the crude feed. In some embodiments, gas is produced during contact with one or more catalysts and the crude feed.

Systems and methods of producing a crude product

Methods for contacting of a crude feed with one or more catalysts, wherein at least one of the catalysts comprises a support comprising theta alumina and one or more metals from column 5-10, to produce a total product that includes a crude product are described. The crude product is a liquid mixture at 25 0C and 0.101 MPa. The crude product may have a total content of alkali metal and alkaline-earth metal in metal salts of organic acids of at most 90% of the total content of alkali metal and alkaline-earth metal in metal salts of organic acids of the crude feed. One or more other properties of the crude product may be changed by at least 10% relative to the respective properties of the crude feed.

Systems, methods, and catalysts for producing a crude product

A process for upgrading feedstocks containing not less than about 200 ppm metals, an API gravity of less than about 20°, a Conradson Carbon of more than about 8%, by hydroconversion with hydrogen in the presence of a naturally occurring inorganic material as a catalyst. The invention further provides, inter alia, subsequently fractionating the hydroconverted product and solvent deasphalting the distillation bottoms and optionally hydrodesulfurizing atmospheric distillates and the mix of vacuum gas oils and deasphalted oils separately. When a heavy crude of 12° API, 10% Conradson Carbon, 3.2% sulfur and 350 ppm metals is fed to this process, more than 90% (v/v) of a synthetic crude of 25°API, 0.17% sulfur and only 13.8% (v/v) 950° F.+ fraction may be obtained.

Process for hydroconversion and upgrading of heavy crudes of high metal and asphaltene content

o C into fuel oil were carried out with a stirred semi-batch operation. The product yield and the recovery amount, molecular weight distribution and paraffin, olefin, naphthene and aromatic (PONA) distribu- tion of liquid product by catalytic degradation using spent FCC catalyst were compared with those by thermal degradation. The catalytic degradation had lower degradation temperature, faster liquid product rate and more olefin products as well as shorter molecular weight distributions of gasoline range in the liquid product than thermal degradation. These results confirmed that the catalytic degradation using spent FCC catalyst could be a better alternative method to solve a major environmental problem of waste plastics.

Thermal and Catalytic Degradation of Waste High-density Polyethylene (HDPE) Using Spent FCC Catalyst

Methods for conversion of a hydrocarbon feed to a total product are described. A hydrocarbon feed is contacted with one or more catalysts to produce the total product. The total product includes a crude product that is a liquid mixture at 25 °C and 0.101 MPa having a residue content of at most 90% of the residue content of the hydrocarbon feed.

Methods for producing a crude product

A catalyst suitable for cracking heavy oils can be obtained by baking nickel-containing ore at a temperature between about 850° C and about 1200° C.

Catalyst for treating heavy oils

In a reactor for cracking heavy hydrocarbon oil through a fluidized bed of particles of natural ores, coke-like materials are deposited on a top of the reactor or pipe inside surfaces of a transfer line from the reactor to a scrubber. To effectively scour out the deposited coke-like materials, particles of natural ores having a mean diameter of a few hundred μm is made to be contained in an effluent gas from the top of reactor, passing through the transfer line at a concentration of 1 to 40 g/m3. The particles of natural ores have a good effect of scouring out the deposited coke-like materials and can keep the transfer line efficiently clean even with a small amount of the particles of natural ores, decreasing a pressure drop in the transfer line.

Method for preventing coking in fluidized bed reactor for cracking heavy hydrocarbon oil

Two different kinds of vacuum gas oils have been hydrodesulfurized and hydrogen consumption has been measured by means of three procedures. It has been proposed that the convenient procedure based on the measurements of the changes in aromatic carbon content in the oil by n-d-M analysis is sufficiently applicable to the measurements of hydrogen consumption.Reaction kinetics has also been studied, and the apparent reaction order has been found to vary with change in the reaction temperature.

Studies on Hydrodesulfurization of Heavy Distillates

Multiistage fluidized layer

PURPOSE:To prevent the coking of thermal cracking product in the pipe connecting a fluidized bed reactor to a rectifying column, by controlling the particle concentration in the gas discharged from the outlet of cyclone dust collector while changing the amount of particles retained in the cyclone dust collector

Satomi Yoshihito

Papers

Catalyst for treating heavy oils

Method for preventing coking in fluidized bed reactor for cracking heavy hydrocarbon oil

Studies on Hydrodesulfurization of Heavy Distillates

Multiistage fluidized layer

Coking prevention and its device