다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

The Social Psychology of Organizations.

Structural and sequence-based classification of glycoside hydrolases.

SUMMARYIn recent decades, several new diseases have emerged in different geographical areas, with pathogens including Ebola virus, Zika virus, Nipah virus, and coronaviruses (CoVs). Recently, a new type of viral infection emerged in Wuhan City, China, and initial genomic sequencing data of this virus do not match with previously sequenced CoVs, suggesting a novel CoV strain (2019-nCoV), which has now been termed severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is suspected to originate from an animal host (zoonotic origin) followed by human-to-human transmission, the possibility of other routes should not be ruled out. Compared to diseases caused by previously known human CoVs, COVID-19 shows less severe pathogenesis but higher transmission competence, as is evident from the continuously increasing number of confirmed cases globally. Compared to other emerging viruses, such as Ebola virus, avian H7N9, SARS-CoV, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), SARS-CoV-2 has shown relatively low pathogenicity and moderate transmissibility. Codon usage studies suggest that this novel virus has been transferred from an animal source, such as bats. Early diagnosis by real-time PCR and next-generation sequencing has facilitated the identification of the pathogen at an early stage. Since no antiviral drug or vaccine exists to treat or prevent SARS-CoV-2, potential therapeutic strategies that are currently being evaluated predominantly stem from previous experience with treating SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and other emerging viral diseases. In this review, we address epidemiological, diagnostic, clinical, and therapeutic aspects, including perspectives of vaccines and preventive measures that have already been globally recommended to counter this pandemic virus.

Coronavirus Disease 2019–COVID-19

The DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) family comprises a conserved set of DNA-modifying enzymes that have a central role in epigenetic gene regulation. Recent studies have shown that the functions of the canonical DNMT enzymes - DNMT1, DNMT3A and DNMT3B - go beyond their traditional roles of establishing and maintaining DNA methylation patterns. This Review analyses how molecular interactions and changes in gene copy numbers modulate the activity of DNMTs in diverse gene regulatory functions, including transcriptional silencing, transcriptional activation and post-transcriptional regulation by DNMT2-dependent tRNA methylation. This mechanistic diversity enables the DNMT family to function as a versatile toolkit for epigenetic regulation.

The DNA methyltransferase family: a versatile toolkit for epigenetic regulation

Correlation between biofilm production and multiple drug resistance in imipenem resistant clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii

The solar water heating system (SWHS) is one of the most common application of solar energy utilization system The usage of solar water heating system is not commonly employed throughout the globe, due to its high initial cost The advancement in SWHS will lead to be beneficial over conventional system over the long span of time The eco-friendly nature of such system promotes these systems to be used frequently in both domestic and industrial heating The investigators throughout the globe focusing on technical advancement as well as economic feasibility of SWHS The present study focused on to report such studies, which demonstrates the economic feasibility of SWHS in the long run The payback period of SWHS varies from one origin to other as it depends on numerous factors like price of fossil fuels, rate of subsidy, solar insolation etc Initially the paper reported the basic components of SWHS, and their advancements, further the global scenario of SWHS is discussed, followed by the studies reported on a techno economic analysis of SWHS, which shows that the economic feasibility is equally important as technical feasibility for its implementation The last section inculcates the recent studies on the technical advancement of SWHS and the future research trends of SWHS were discussed

A review on technical improvements, economic feasibility and world scenario of solar water heating system

Introduction
The exact role of copper and zinc in the etiology of carcinoma of the gallbladder is unclear. Some studies suggest the Cu/Zn ratio is a good indicator of the extent and prognosis in carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of the present study is to estimate the micronutrient profile and Cu/Zn ratio in the serum, tissues, and bile of patients with benign and malignant gallbladder diseases.

Methods
The present study was carried out in 60 patients comprising 30 each of carcinoma of the gallbladder and cholelithiasis, and 30 age and sex matched controls. Copper and zinc levels were estimated in blood, bile, and tissue using a Perkin Elmer Model 2380 Atomic absorption Spectrophotometer.

Results
The mean serum zinc levels were significantly lower in patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder than in patients with cholelithiasis and in healthy controls (P < 0.001). The mean serum copper levels were significantly higher in patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder as compared to patients with cholelithiasis and healthy controls (P < 0.001). Biliary and tissue zinc levels were significantly lower in patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder than in patients with cholelithiasis. Biliary and tissue copper levels were higher in patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder than in patients with cholelithiasis. The serum Cu/Zn ratio showed a gradual and significant increase from 1.11 in healthy controls to 1.35 in patients with cholelithiasis and 2.12 in patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder. The biliary and tissue Cu/Zn ratios were also significantly increased in patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder than in patients with cholelithiasis (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Our data support an association between lower zinc levels and consequently an increased Cu/Zn ratio and carcinoma of the gallbladder. Whether zinc supplementation has a protective effect in preventing carcinoma of the gallbladder needs to be studied further. J. Surg. Oncol. 2005;91:204–208. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Copper, zinc, and Cu/Zn ratio in carcinoma of the gallbladder

Objective: To establish the prevalence of wounds in a community, with an emphasis on chronic lower extremity wounds, and to identify the various aetiological factors involved. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted to screen the population of two nearby communities (one urban and one rural) in India for wounds. This involved conducting a door-to-door survey between July 2001 and February 2003. Results: The prevalence of wounds in the population studied (n=6917) was 15.03 per 1000. The prevalences of acute and chronic wounds were 10.55 and 4.48 per 1000 of the population respectively. Conclusion: The most common site for both acute and chronic wounds was the lower extremity. In contrast to Western studies, the most common aetiology for a chronic lower extremity wound was an untreated acute traumatic wound. This in turn highlights the need to establish community-based wound-care teams in India. Declaration of interest: None.

Satyendra Singh

Papers

Correlation between biofilm production and multiple drug resistance in imipenem resistant clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii

A review on technical improvements, economic feasibility and world scenario of solar water heating system

Copper, zinc, and Cu/Zn ratio in carcinoma of the gallbladder

An Indian community-based epidemiological study of wounds.

Clinical trial of gugulipid--a new hypolipidemic agent of plant origin in primary hyperlipidemia.