"Two-site" or "sandwich" immunometric assay techniques for determination of the presence and/or concentration of antigenic substances in fluids using monoclonal antibodies are described and compared to conventional assays using polyclonal antibodies. Also described are inhibition assays using complexes of antigens with a monoclonal antibody.

Immunometric assays using monoclonal antibodies

Method and compositions are provided for performing protein binding assays involving a homologous pair consisting of ligand and receptor for the ligand. The method employs a label conjugated to a member of said homologous pair and a uniformly dispersed discontinuous phase of discrete particles in a continuous aqueous phase, where the discrete particles create microenvironments which allow for discrimination between the label associated with the particle--in a discontinuous phase--and the label in the continuous phase. Various conjugates and particles are provided which find use in the subject method.

Macromolecular environment control in specific receptor assays

The present invention relates to improvements in the sandwich technique for the determination of a component of an antigen-antibody reaction in a liquid sample to be tested, utilizing as reagents (a) one component of said reaction bound to the surface of a water-insoluble, water-insuspensible, solid carrier, and (b) a component having the same immunological properties covalently linked to an enzyme. The liquid sample is contacted and incubated with the reagent(s) to form a reaction mixture, the enzyme activity of either the liquid or solid phase of which is a measure of the presence and quantity of the component to be determined. The method is especially useful for diagnostic testing for hepatitis or rubella antibodies.

Enzymatic immunological method for the determination of antigens and antibodies

Polypeptide sequences and polynucleotide sequences are provided. Also provided are annotative information concerning such sequences and uses for these sequences.

Methods and systems for annotating biomolecular sequences

A method for conducting a ligand assay in an inert porous medium wherein a binding material is immunologically immobilized within the medium, which includes the steps of immunologically immobilizing a binding material within a finite zone of the medium, applying an analyte to the zone containing the immobilized binding material, applying a labeled indicator to the zone which becomes immobilized within the zone in an amount which can be correlated to the amount of analyte in the zone, applying a solvent to substantially the center of the zone to chromatographically separate the unbound labeled indicator from the zone, and measuring the amount of labeled indicator remaining in the zone.

Solid phase system for ligand assay

The present invention relates to a process for the determination of a component of the reaction between a specific binding protein and the substance being specifically bound by such a protein comprising reacting the component to be determined with its binding partner in an insolubilized form, separating the solid phase of the reaction mixture from the liquid phase, reacting the solid phase with a determined amount of a coupling product of the substance to be determined with an enzyme, and finally determining the enzyme activity of the liquid or solid phase of the reaction mixture obtained.

Schuurs Antonius Hermanus Wilh

Papers

Process for the demonstration and determination of reaction components having specific binding affinity for each other

Demonstration and determination of reaction components