http://www.cs.ucy.ac.cy/ResearchLabs/netrl/papers/files/StavrouE_COMNET2010.pdf

A survey on secure multipath routing protocols in WSNs

Compromised node and denial of service are two key attacks in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, we study data delivery mechanisms that can with high probability circumvent black holes formed by these attacks. We argue that classic multipath routing approaches are vulnerable to such attacks, mainly due to their deterministic nature. So once the adversary acquires the routing algorithm, it can compute the same routes known to the source, hence, making all information sent over these routes vulnerable to its attacks. In this paper, we develop mechanisms that generate randomized multipath routes. Under our designs, the routes taken by the ? shares? of different packets change over time. So even if the routing algorithm becomes known to the adversary, the adversary still cannot pinpoint the routes traversed by each packet. Besides randomness, the generated routes are also highly dispersive and energy efficient, making them quite capable of circumventing black holes. We analytically investigate the security and energy performance of the proposed schemes. We also formulate an optimization problem to minimize the end-to-end energy consumption under given security constraints. Extensive simulations are conducted to verify the validity of our mechanisms.

/pdf/secure-data-collection-in-wireless-sensor-networks-using-519o0hq3h6.pdf

Secure Data Collection in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Randomized Dispersive Routes

Developments in mobile devices and wireless networking provide the technical platform for video streaming over mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) However, efforts to realize video streaming over MANETs have met many challenges, which are addressed by several different techniques Examples include cross-layer optimization, caching and replication, and packet prioritization Cross-layer optimization typically leverages multiple description video coding and multipath routing to provide the receiver(s) sufficient video quality Caching and replication add tolerance to disruptions and partitioning In this paper, we identify the challenges of realizing video streaming over MANETs, and analyze and classify the proposed techniques Since 65 % of the identified involve cross-layering design, we study the distribution of joint optimization and parameter exchanges Due to the importance and complexity of evaluating the techniques, we analyze the common methods, indicating that the research domain suffers from a problem of comparability

Challenges and techniques for video streaming over mobile ad hoc networks

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Security in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks.

Precise localization and tracking of moving objects is of great interest for a variety of emerging applications including the Internet-of-Things (IoT). The localization and tracking tasks are challenging in harsh wireless environments, such as indoor ones, especially when objects are not equipped with dedicated tags (noncollaborative). The problem of detecting, localizing, and tracking noncollaborative objects within a limited area has often been undertaken by exploiting a network of radio sensors, scanning the zone of interest through wideband radio signals to create a radio image of the objects. This paper presents a sensor network for radio imaging (sensor radar) along with all of the signal processing steps necessary to achieve highaccuracy objects tracking in harsh propagation environments. The described sensor radar is based on the impulse radio (IR) ultrawideband (UWB) technology, entailing the transmission of very short duration pulses. Experimental results with actual UWB signals in indoor environments confirm the sensor radar’s potential in IoT applications.

/pdf/sensor-radar-for-object-tracking-8zsjk5kpx2.pdf

Sensor Radar for Object Tracking

The cryptosystem which is most used throughout the world for protecting information is the Data Encryption Standard (DES) which was announced by the National Bureau of Standard (NBS). The DES must be stronger than the other cryptosystems in its security. But, because the process time required for cryptanalysis has lessened, and because hardware technique has developed rapidly, the DES may be attacked by various kinds of cryptanalysis using parallel process. It may be especially vulnerable to attack by differential cryptanalysis. Therefore, the DES will require strengthening to ensure cryptographic security in the days to come. This paper proposes design of a DES-like cryptosystem called the Improved-DES. The Improved-DES is a new algorithm. We show that the Improved-DES is stronger than the DES against differential cryptanalysis for cryptographic security. We will divide one data block (96 bits) into 3 sub-blocks of 32 bits and then perform different f functions on each of the 3 sub-blocks, and then increase the S/sub 1/-S/sub 8/ of the S-boxes to S/sub 1/-S/sub 16/, satisfying the strict avalanche criterion (SAC: p/sub i, j/) and the correlation coefficient (p/sub i, j/). Finally we will increase the key length to 112 bits. The analysis will show that the unicity distance (UD) in the Improved-DES is increased more than the DES's UD.

The improved data encryption standard (DES) algorithm

Intrusion detection System forms a vital component of internet security. To keep pace with the growing trends, there is a critical need to replace single layer detection technology with multi layer detection. Different types of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks thwart authorized users from gaining access to the networks and we tried to detect as well as alleviate some of those attacks. In this paper, we have proposed a novel cross layer intrusion detection architecture to discover the malicious nodes and different types of DoS attacks by exploiting the information available across different layers of protocol stack in order to improve the accuracy of detection. We have used cooperative anomaly intrusion detection with data mining technique to enhance the proposed architecture. We have implemented fixed width clustering algorithm for efficient detection of the anomalies in the MANET traffic and also generated different types of attacks in the network. The simulation of the proposed architecture is performed in OPNET simulator and we got the result as we expected.

A Novel Cross Layer Intrusion Detection System in MANET

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are collections of autonomous mobile nodes with links that are made or broken in an arbitrary way. Due to frequent node and link failures, multipath MANET is preferred than single-path MANET in many applications. Multipath routing schemes are used for achieving various goals such as robustness, reliability, and load balancing. However, before they can be successfully deployed several security threats must be addressed. Due to lack of fixed infrastructure, security in ad-hoc routing is challenging task, especially in multipath MANET. In this paper, we propose a robust multipath routing scheme for MANET and also security mechanism for such a routing scheme. We discuss security analysis for our scheme. And we conduct simulation to evaluate the cost of the proposed secure multipath routing scheme and present some preliminary results.

Secure Multipath Routing Scheme for Mobile Ad Hoc Network

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is an appealing technology that has attracted lots of research efforts. On-demand routing protocol such as AODV may suffer from frequent topological changes. Due to frequent communication failures, multipath MANET is preferred than single-path MANET in many applications as former is used for achieving robustness and load balancing and improving reliability. Although multipath MANET is attractive solution, there are still some major flaws that prevent commercial growth. Security is one of these main barriers; MANETs are known to be particularly vulnerable to security attack. The paper presents a design of robust and secure framework for multipath MANET. In this paper, we propose not only a robust multipath routing protocol but also an extended security scheme. We discuss security analysis for proposed security scheme. And we also conduct simulation to evaluate such a framework through different performance metrics. Results show that the proposed routing protocol achieves better performance in terms of various metrics than other protocols.

Robust and secure routing scheme for wireless multihop network

An increased demand in ubiquitous high speed wireless access has led integration of different wireless technologies provided by different administrative domains creating truly a heterogeneous network. Security is one of the major hurdles in such network environment. As a mobile station moves in and out of the coverage area of one wireless network to another, it needs to be authenticated. The existing protocols for authentication of a mobile station are typically centralized, where the home network participates in each authentication process. It requires home network to maintain roaming agreement with all other visiting networks. Moreover, the round trip time to home network results high latency. This paper is focused on developing authentication protocol for wireless network irrespective of the technologies or the administrative domain. We propose a secure protocol which adopts strong features of Kerberos based on tickets for rigorous mutual authentication and session key establishment along with issuance of token so that the mobile station can have access to not only the roaming partner of home network but also to the roaming partner of previous visited networks. The performance evaluation and comparative analysis of the proposed protocol is carried out with the already implemented standard protocols and most remarkable research works till date to confirm the solidity of the results presented.

Seung-Jo Han

Papers

The improved data encryption standard (DES) algorithm

A Novel Cross Layer Intrusion Detection System in MANET

Secure Multipath Routing Scheme for Mobile Ad Hoc Network

Robust and secure routing scheme for wireless multihop network

Kerberos based authentication for inter-domain roaming in wireless heterogeneous network