Oxidative damage in liver after perinatal intoxication with lead and/or cadmium

The aim of this study was to made assessment of health effects in 37 workers exposed to gasoline, and its constituents at gasoline stations between 1985 and 1996 Thirty-seven persons who had been exposed to gasoline for more than five years were examined The evaluation included a medical / occupational history, haematological and biochemical examination, a physical exam, standardized psychological tests, and ultrasound examination of kidneys and liver The groups were identical in other common parameters including age, gender (all men), and level of education (P<0 05) The data were compared to two control groups: 61 healthy non-exposed controls and 25 workers at gasoline stations exposed to organic lead for only nine months Peripheral smear revealed basophilic stippling and reticulocytosis We found in chronic exposed gasoline workers haematological disorders: mild leukocytosis (7 of 37), lymphocytosis (20 of 37), mild lymhocytopenia (3 of 37), and decrease of red blood cells count (11 of 37) Results indicated that they have suffered from liver disorders: lipoid degeneration of liver (14 of 37), chronic functional damages of liver (3 of 37), cirrhosis (1 of 37) Ultrasound examination indicated chronic kidney damages (8 of 37) These results significantly differed from those of controls (P< 005) In 13 out of 37 workers at gasoline stations exposed to gasoline for more than 5 years the symptom of depression and decreased reaction time and motor abilities were identified The summary of diseases of workers exposed to organic lead and gasoline are discussed

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Assessment of health effects in workers at gasoline station.

Gestational and lactational lead intoxication produces alterations in the hepatic system of rat pups.

The toxicity of lead acetate (L. A.) concerned to public health disruptor due to its persistence in the environment and it has the adverse influence on the human and animal health as well. It causes physiological,biochemical, and neurological dysfunctions in humans. Histologically it has a negative effect on the liver which is considered one of the major target organs where acts as detoxification machine by elimination the toxic substance from the blood in rich with it.  As well as it affects kidneys that are the two of the most filtering organs. Therefore the present study was aimed to investigate the histopathological effect of L.A. on liver and kidney tissues in male rats. Twenty male rats involved in the study were equally and randomly divided into two groups each of them involved 10 animals. Group I (castrated rats) and Group II (control) each group received 80mg/L of lead acetate dissolved in one liter distilled water by drinking for 15 days. Histological sections showed some alterations including abnormal architecture, cell degeneration, nuclear degeneration, hyperchromatic hepatocytes, immune cells, degeneration in tubules, dilation in sinusoids, dilation in central vein of liver increased bowman's space glomerular atrophy degeneration of tubular cells in liver and kidney tissues of rats in castrated rats from control group. But the size of degenerated tissue was more severe in castrated male rats. It was concluded that the castration process could produce a hypogonadism and decreased testosterone which owns many receptors in kidney and liver may produce adverse influence with L.A. administration.

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Effect of Testosterone on Lead Acetate Toxicity in Male Albino Rats

The amount of lead pollution in the environment is increasing proportionally to the development of industry. Lead is capable of damaging the organism in many ways due to its high affinity to various tissues, different enzymes and serum proteins and its tendency to cumulate (1, 14). Acute lead poisoning occurs in people who have had intense, but short-term contact with organic lead compounds (tetraethylolead) used as an antidetonant in motor fuels, or plumbous orthoplumbate (red lead), which is an important component in anticorrosive paints (4, 6). Chronic poisoning by lead and lead salts, which used to occur in printers and workers in battery factories, is now a threat to the whole human population because of the hundreds of thousands of tons of tetraethylolead used as a fuel additive. This substance pollutes not only the atmosphere, but also the soil and the water and because of this, the food (10). The toxic effects of lead on the central and peripheral nervous system and the hematopoetic system is well known (9, 12), Less clear, however, are the toxic effects of this metal on the liver. As of now, there are still different views on the existence of negative effects of lead on the livers of people and animals exposed to this metal. Some researchers found no changes in the liver in cases of long-term contact with lead (3).

Siezieniewska Z

Papers

Influence of lead acetate on the histological, ultrastructural and histochemical picture of the livers of albino rats.