In order to optimize and evaluate the influence of nitrogen, phosphorus, and inoculum concentrations on the biodegradation of hydrocarbon contaminated effluents, experiments based on central composite design (CCD) method were carried out for 3 days, employing C1 mixed culture and intermittent aeration The independent variables were nitrogen concentration (X
 1), phosphorus concentration (X
 2), and inoculum concentration (X
 3) and the removal of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) was the dependent variable The optimized nutrients ratio (C:N:P = 100:20:27) and inoculum concentration (132 g/l) provided TPH removal of 718% after processing for three days Analysis using gas chromatography identified five hydrocarbons classes: paraffins, isoparaffins, olefins, naphthenics, and aromatics The naphthenic compounds did not degrade as readily as the other hydrocarbons that were identified The following degradation percentages were obtained: 871% for the paraffins, 777% for the isoparaffins, 786% for the olefins, 384% for the naphthenics, and 717% for the aromatics

Statistical analysis and optimization of nitrogen, phosphorus, and inoculum concentrations for the biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by response surface methodology

Bioremediation of n-alkanes and the formation of biofloccules by Rhodococcus erythropolis NTU-1 under various saline conditions and sea water

Potassium metabisulphite is usually used for microbial stabilization in the process of vinification and wine preservation, but it is considered to be allergenic. The objective of the present study was to assess the efficiency of ozonation and ionizing radiation as alternatives to wine sulphurization. The efficiency of yeast removal and the retention of the chemical quality of wine were evaluated. Wine was subjected to 60 min of ozonation, and radiation doses were set at 1–10 kGy. Moreover, a combination of ozonation and ionizing radiation treatment was used. The ozonation of wine did not produce the expected results. That is, it did not limit the number of yeast cells. From the sixth minute, a significant deterioration in the taste and the color of the wine was found. Ionizing radiation at a dose of 1 kGy reduced the yeast count by 95.5%, and a reduction of 99.9% was seen after the application of 2.5 kGy. Moreover, these doses did not have a significant effect on the organoleptic properties or the chemical composition of wine. The total amount of polyphenols reduced from the maximum of 1127.15 to 1023.73 mg at the dose of 5 kGy. Radiation is widely used to preserve food products. Its use for finished wine preservation may be an alternative to sulphurization.

https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/18/3406/pdf

E-Beam Irradiation and Ozonation as an Alternative to the Sulphuric Method of Wine Preservation.

Removal of petroleum products from contaminated soil is a long-term process requiring attention and constant monitoring. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Fyre-Zyme enzyme preparation and/or calcium carbonate on microbiological changes and conversion of n-aliphatic hydrocarbons in soil contaminated of petroleum-derived substances. The material for testing was soil contaminated with petroleum substances. The total concentration of n-alkanes with a C8–C40 chain length was 420.1 mg·kg−1 DM. The pot tests were carried out by introducing stimulators. As a decomposition promoter for n-alkanes in contaminated soil, a 6% water solution of Fyre-Zyme and/or 1% sterile CaCO3 was used. The pots were incubated at 25 °C for 21 days. The dynamics of changes in the microbiota and concentration of n-alkanes were controlled for 21 days, every 7 days taking soil for testing. Microbiological tests included determining the total number of bacteria and fungi. Chemical analysis was performed by chromatographic method. Stimulating of soil bioremediation of contaminated hydrocarbons with calcium carbonate increased the number of bacteria, and stimulation with Fyre-Zyme and calcium carbonate—the number of filamentous fungi. There was no significant correlation between the concentration of n-alkanes in the soil and the total number of bacteria and fungi but stimulating of soil bioremediation with calcium carbonate increased the number of bacteria, and stimulation with Fyre-Zyme and calcium carbonate—the number of filamentous fungi. The observed correlations indicate that the concentration of n-alkanes in the contaminated soil increases with the addition of Fyre-Zyme.

/pdf/the-influence-of-stimulation-techniques-on-the-4lq207cr82.pdf

The Influence of Stimulation Techniques on the Microbiological Changes and n-Alkane Transitions in the Soil Contaminated of Petroleum-Derived Substances

Sohrabi Morteza

Papers

Some aspects of bioremediation of soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons