海外諸国向け火力発電所の設計(英国)("IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems"1968年5月号)

The electrical engineering scientific community since 1892 is seeking a power theory for interpreting the power flow within electric networks under non-sinusoidal conditions. The proliferation of power electronic devices in electrical systems provides added motivation to find such a theory. Some examples of the effort regarding power definitions

The Use of Geometric Algebra in the Analysis of Non-sinusoidal Networks and the Construction of a Unified Power Theory for Single Phase Systems - A Paradigm Shift

The performance of electrical energy meters in non-sinusoidal conditions has been discussed since the early twentieth century and as of yet has not reached a fully comprehensive standardization. Within this context, this paper aims to update the present understanding on the subject through a closer look at the power definitions established by the IEEE Std. 1459-2010. The paper concentrates its goals across two different approaches. The first deals with the analytical development in the time domain, aiming at the decomposition of the instantaneous power in its different elementary components. The second, in turn, deals with the development of several calibration tests in different active electrical energy meters considering different voltage and current waveforms. The results show that the measurement deviations in non-sinusoidal conditions may be greater than 30% in some practical cases, which reinforces the need for more specific standards concerning the subject.

An update on the performance of active energy meters under non-sinusoidal conditions

The different methods of measuring the reactive power and energy for billing electricity consumers connected to medium and high voltage systems, presents different results in non-sinusoidal conditions. The purpose of the paper is to point out the imperfections of each method accepted by the legislation on measuring precisely the power absorbed by consumers. In this sense, the present work addresses the effect of the harmonic distortion of voltage and current in the measurement of reactive energy, considering the different existing measurement methods. Initially, the paper presents an analytical study covering modeling and computational implementations of each method available for the measurement of reactive energy. In addition, calibration tests were carried out considering different meter devices. Finally, considering a meter specifically developed in the context of the present work, a measurement campaign was applied in different medium and high voltage facilities in order to perform a practical comparison between the different reactive energy measurement methods. The results showed the need for a unification of reactive energy measurements methods in order to achieve isonomy in the billing process of electricity consumers.

Analysis of Reactive Energy Measurement Methods Under Non-Sinusoidal Conditions

In order to avoid excessive noise of power capacitors installed in HVDC converter station, it is necessary to test the noise characteristics of the power capacitors before delivery. Simulating the working condition of power capacitor in HVDC converter station effectively is the target of harmonic power supply researching. To ensure the accurate harmonic current injected into the power capacitor, the harmonic current frequency dividing detection and control strategy is proposed. Adapting the harmonic current detection method based on instantaneous reactive power theory and d-q transformation to single-phase harmonic current injection system, the current amplitude can be tracked timely and exactly by using random harmonic current detection method, so that the Proportional Integral (PI) regulator in d-q synchronous frame used directly to achieve zero-error control. The designed phase detection method can accurately detect the initial phase angle of each harmonic, accordingly calculating the compensation angle of the system. Through the accurate detection and control of the injected harmonic current and the more precise noise test result of power capacitor can be obtained. The simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness of the current detection and control algorithm proposed in this paper.

Current Control Strategy of Harmonic Current Injection System for Power Capacitor

A digital phase-shift error's compensation method on reactive power measure in the multi- function electric energy meter is presented in the paper. The compensation result is analyzed, and the related design method is discussed. And the mathematic formula of phase-shift error's compensation is put forward in the paper.

Songlin Guo

Papers

A compensation method of phase-shift error on reactive power measurement