Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

Exotics: Heavy pentaquarks and tetraquarks

The past seventeen years have witnessed tremendous progress on the experimental and theoretical explorations of the multiquark states. The hidden-charm and hidden-bottom multiquark systems were reviewed extensively in [Phys. Rept. 639 (2016) 1-121]. In this article, we shall update the experimental and theoretical efforts on the hidden heavy flavor multiquark systems in the past three years. Especially the LHCb collaboration not only confirmed the existence of the hidden-charm pentaquarks but also provided strong evidence of the molecular picture. Besides the well-known $XYZ$ and $P_c$ states, we shall discuss more interesting tetraquark and pentaquark systems either with one, two, three or even four heavy quarks. Some very intriguing states include the fully heavy exotic tetraquark states $QQ\bar Q\bar Q$ and doubly heavy tetraquark states $QQ\bar q \bar q$, where $Q$ is a heavy quark. The $QQ\bar Q\bar Q$ states may be produced at LHC while the $QQ\bar q \bar q$ system may be searched for at BelleII and LHCb. Moreover, we shall pay special attention to various theoretical schemes. We shall emphasize the model-independent predictions of various models which are truly/closely related to Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). There have also accumulated many lattice QCD simulations through multiple channel scattering on the lattice in recent years, which provide deep insights into the underlying structure/dynamics of the $XYZ$ states. In terms of the recent $P_c$ states, the lattice simulations of the charmed baryon and anti-charmed meson scattering are badly needed. We shall also discuss some important states which may be searched for at BESIII, BelleII and LHCb in the coming years.

Pentaquark and Tetraquark states

This White Paper presents the science case of an Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), focused on the structure and interactions of gluon-dominated matter, with the intent to articulate it to the broader nuclear science community. It was commissioned by the managements of Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab) with the objective of presenting a summary of scientific opportunities and goals of the EIC as a follow-up to the 2007 NSAC Long Range plan. This document is a culmination of a community-wide effort in nuclear science following a series of workshops on EIC physics and, in particular, the focused ten-week program on "Gluons and quark sea at high energies" at the Institute for Nuclear Theory in Fall 2010. It contains a brief description of a few golden physics measurements along with accelerator and detector concepts required to achieve them, and it benefited from inputs from the users' communities of BNL and JLab. This White Paper offers the promise to propel the QCD science program in the U.S., established with the CEBAF accelerator at JLab and the RHIC collider at BNL, to the next QCD frontier.

Electron Ion Collider: The Next QCD Frontier - Understanding the glue that binds us all

Baryons as relativistic three-quark bound states

The DCVD (Digital Cherenkov Viewing Device), and its predecessor the CVD (CherenkovViewing Device), has been used by the IAEA to inspect gross defects in spent fuel. The time has now come to also write a report on the instrument’s ability to detect partial defects at the 50% level. Before this report can be finalized, the capabilities of the DCVD must of course be investigated and quantified. Discussions have arisen within the DCVD-group how this can and should be done.

/pdf/statistical-grounds-for-determining-the-ability-to-detect-56nj4e67hv.pdf

Statistical grounds for determining the ability to detect partial defects using the Digital Cherenkov Viewing Device (DCVD)

Spent Nuclear Fuel Passive Gamma Analysis  And Reproducibility: Application to Skb-50 Assemblies

/pdf/development-of-a-modeling-approach-to-estimate-radiation-38lnnpya89.pdf

Development of a Modeling Approach to Estimate Radiation from a Spent Fuel Rod Quiver

The unattended gamma emission tomography (UGET) for spent nuclear fuel verification is an on-going project in the IAEA member states’ support program. In line with the long term RD one instrument based on scintillator detectors, developed by Uppsala University, and another based on CdTe detector arrays, developed by the JNT 1510 col- laborative effort (Hungary, Finland). Detailed models of the tomographic instruments, including structural materials, and the measured fuel assemblies are used in the simula- tions. The calculated results are compared to the experimentally measured data to provide a benchmark for the simulation procedure.The developed modelling capabilities are also used for evaluation of the partial-defect detection capabilities of the tomographic technique based on a proposed GET instrument design.

Gamma Transport Calculations for Gamma Emission Tomography on Nuclear Fuel within the UGET Project

The scope of this study covers safeguards licensing aspects of a possible future Gen IV demonstration facility. As a basis for the investigation, the facility was assumed to be located in Sweden, comprising a lead-cooled fast reactor and a reprocessing plant with fuel fabrication. The aim has been to identify safeguards requirements that may be set by the IAEA and the Swedish Radiation Safety Authority, and also to suggest how the safeguards system could be implemented in practice. The changed usage and handling of nuclear fuel, as compared to that of today, has been examined in order to determine how today’s safeguards measures can be modified and extended to meet the needs of the demonstration facility. This work is part of GENIUS, the Swedish Gen IV research and development programme, which emphasizes lead-cooled fast reactors.

Sophie Grape

Papers

Statistical grounds for determining the ability to detect partial defects using the Digital Cherenkov Viewing Device (DCVD)

Spent Nuclear Fuel Passive Gamma Analysis And Reproducibility: Application to Skb-50 Assemblies

Development of a Modeling Approach to Estimate Radiation from a Spent Fuel Rod Quiver

Gamma Transport Calculations for Gamma Emission Tomography on Nuclear Fuel within the UGET Project

Safeguards Licensing Aspects of a Future Gen IV Test Facility : A Case Study