An object of the present invention is to easily eliminate fumes inside a chamber, so as to improve a positional accuracy of irradiation with a light beam and a machining accuracy in a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional shaped object. A stacked-layers forming device 1 includes a powder layer forming unit 3, a light beam irradiating unit 4, a base 22 which is fixed and on which a powder layer 32 is formed, a lifting/lowering frame 34 which surrounds the circumference of the base 22 and is freely capable of being lifted and lowered, a cover frame 36 which has a window 36a allowing transmission of light beam in its top surface, and whose bottom surface is opened, and which is disposed on the lifting/lowering frame 34 to form a chamber C, and a gas tank 71 for supplying an ambient gas. The lifting/lowering frame 34 is lowered to reduce the volume of the chamber C, so as to discharge fumes generated inside the cover frame 36, which performs replacement with the ambient gas. Since the volume of the chamber C is reduced, it is possible to easily eliminate the fumes, which makes it possible to improve the positional accuracy of irradiation with the light beam L, and the machining accuracy.

Layered-modeling device and method using said device for manufacturing three-dimensional objects

A process comprises (a) providing a substantially inorganic photoreactive composition comprising (1) at least one cationically reactive species, (2) a multi-photon photoinitiator system, and 10 (3) a plurality of precondensed, inorganic nanoparticles; (b) exposing, using a multibeam interference technique involving at least three beams, at least a portion of the photoreactive composition to radiation of appropriate wavelength, spatial distribution, and intensity to produce a two-dimensional or three-dimensional periodic pattern of reacted and non-reacted portions of the photoreactive composition; (c) exposing at least a portion of the non-reacted portion of the photoreactive composition to radiation of appropriate wavelength and intensity to cause multi-photon absorption and photoreaction to form additional reacted portion; (d) removing the non-reacted portion or the reacted portion of the photoreactive composition to form interstitial void space; and (e) at least partially filling the interstitial void space with at least one material having a refractive index that is different from the refractive index of the remaining portion.

Process for producing photonic crystals and controlled defects therein

A process for producing photonic crystals comprises (a) providing a substantially inorganic photoreactive composition; (b) exposing, using a multibeam interference technique involving at least three beams, at least a portion of the photoreactive composition to radiation of appropriate wavelength, spatial distribution, and intensity to produce a two-dimensional or three-dimensional periodic pattern of reacted and non-reacted portions of the photoreactive composition; and (c) removing the non-reacted portion or the reacted portion of the photoreactive composition to form interstitial void space.

Process for producing photonic crystals

A dielectric resonator body for a multi-mode cavity filter, the resonator including a piece of dielectric material, with at least one substantially flat face for mounting on a substrate layer, the piece of dielectric material having a shape such that it can support at least a first resonant mode and at least one substantially degenerate resonant mode; wherein the shape of the piece of dielectric material is such that the first resonant mode and the at least one substantially degenerate resonant mode are capable of being simultaneously independently excited, and wherein the piece of dielectric material is at least partially covered with a layer of conductive material. The piece of first dielectric material may include at least one region having a different dielectric constant to the first dielectric material, whereby the presence of the region of different dielectric constant alters the frequency separation of the resonant mode and the spurious response.

Multi-mode filter

A light-weight composite material with enhanced structural characteristics includes, in one embodiment, a compositionally modulated nanolaminate coating electrically deposited into an open, accessible void structure of a porous substrate. As a result of including a nanolaminate within the void structure, the composite can include a greater amount of nanolaminate material per unit volume than can be achieved by depositing a nanolaminate material solely on a two- dimensional surface. In addition, the nanolaminate material as well as other material electrodeposited to form the composite is compositionally modulated so that discontinuities between layers are minimized and potentially eliminated. The light-weight but structurally enhanced composite material can be used in a number of different applications including, but not limited to, ballistic applications (e.g., armor panels or tank panels), automotive protection applications (e.g., car door panels, racing shells) and sporting equipment applications (e.g., golf club shafts and tennis racket frames).

Compositionally modulated composite materials and methods for making the same

A three-dimensional periodic structure, a method of producing the same, a high frequency element, and a high frequency apparatus that can be applied to a signal transmission path or a functional element in, for example, a compact functional element in a frequency range lower than optical frequencies, such as the microwave range are provided. The three-dimensional periodic structure includes a three-dimensional periodic structure component which includes two substances having different dielectric constants periodically distributed in three-dimensional axial directions, a dielectric layer having a predetermined thickness provided at the periphery thereof, and a conductor provided on external surfaces of the dielectric layer. A third material which is different from the two substances and having predetermined dimensions embedded into the three-dimensional periodic structure component can be provided. A transmission path integrally equipped with a conductor is constructed, which is used as a pipe of a waveguide.

Three-dimensional periodic structure, method of producing the same, high frequency element, and high frequency apparatus

A three-dimensional fractal structure body that had not been realized by the prior art and newly developed technologies is provided. The fractal structure body partially or entirely comprises a three-dimensional fractal structure, the fractal structure body having a local minimum value at a particular wavelength determined by structural and material factors of the fractal structure in a transmissivity for electromagnetic wave and/or a local minimum value at a particular wavelength determined by structural and material factors of the fractal structure in the reflectivity for electromagnetic wave.

Fractal structure, super structure of fractal structures, method for manufacturing the same and applications

There is provided a three dimensional periodic structure comprising two substances having different dielectric constants with a high contrast between the dielectric constants or refractive indexes, periodically distributed in a three dimensional space. A unit cell substrate having air holes in a diamond structure is formed by a stereo lithography method which repeats the step of irradiating light onto a liquid surface of alight-hardening resin such as a photosensitive epoxy resin in each layer in a cross-sectional pattern to be formed. Then, a conductive film made of, for example, Cu is formed by an electroless plating method on the surface of the unit cell substrate. Thus, a three dimensional periodic structure comprising two substances having different dielectric constants, i.e., resin and air, periodically distributed in a three dimensional space, and comprising a conductive film formed at an interface between the two substances is obtained.

Three dimensional periodic structure and method of producing the same

Photonic crystal units (10a, 10b, 10c) are formed by optical molding method using photo-curing resin and a partition (11) is provided at the boundary part. The air gap part of each photonic crystal unit is impregnated with a second substance dispersed with ceramic particles to constitute a filling part (2). Such three-dimensional periodic structures where first and second substances are distributed with a three-dimensional periodicity are arranged sequentially while differentiating the permittivity ratio between the first and second substances. A three-dimensional periodic structure having a photonic band gap of wide range, which is unattainable in the conventional three-dimensional periodic structure, can thereby be obtained.

Three-dimensional periodic structure and process for producing the same

A 3-D fractal structure body which has not been realized by conventional and new technologies, and which is a structure body having partly or entirely a 3-D fractal structure, wherein the transmittance of an electromagnetic wave has a minimum value at a specific wavelength determined by the structural factor and material of the fractal structure and/or the reflectance of an electromagnetic wave has a minimum value at a specific wavelength determined by the structural factor and material of the fractal structure.

Soshu Kirihara

Papers

Three-dimensional periodic structure, method of producing the same, high frequency element, and high frequency apparatus

Fractal structure, super structure of fractal structures, method for manufacturing the same and applications

Three dimensional periodic structure and method of producing the same

Three-dimensional periodic structure and process for producing the same

Fractal structure body, fractal structure assembly and production methods and applications for them