Device-to-device (D2D) communication enables the user equipments (UEs) located in close proximity to bypass the cellular base stations (BSs) and directly connect to each other, and thereby, offload traffic from the cellular infrastructure. D2D communication can improve spatial frequency reuse and energy efficiency in cellular networks. This paper presents a comprehensive and tractable analytical framework for D2D-enabled uplink cellular networks with a flexible mode selection scheme along with truncated channel inversion power control. Different from the existing mode selection schemes where the decision on mode selection is made based only on the D2D link distance (i.e., distance between two UEs using D2D mode of communication), the proposed mode selection scheme for a UE accounts for both the D2D link distance and cellular link distance (i.e., distance between the UE and the BS). The developed framework is used to analyze and understand how the underlaying D2D communication affects the cellular network performance. Through comprehensive numerical analysis, we investigate the expected performance gains and provide guidelines for selecting the network parameters.

Analytical Modeling of Mode Selection and Power Control for Underlay D2D Communication in Cellular Networks

Device-to-device (D2D) communication is one of the most promising technologies in wireless cellular networks that can be employed to improve spectral and energy efficiency, increase data rates, and reduce links latency. This paper investigates fifth generation and beyond (5GB) networks, the basics of D2D communication, applications, and classification. Herein, D2D in in-band (IBD) and out-band (OBD) modes are discussed. This paper also presents the integration of D2D communication with other prominent technologies and demonstrates the importance of integration with possible solutions in improving network performance. We further investigate the challenges of D2D communication, opportunities, and future research directions of D2D in 5GB networks. In addition, D2D communication in 6G network challenges and open research areas are introduced. 

Survey on Device to Device (D2D) Communication for 5GB/6G Networks: Concept, Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions

Device-to-device (D2D) communication is one of the most promising technologies in wireless cellular networks that can be employed to improve spectral and energy efficiency, increase data rates, and reduce links latency. This paper investigates fifth generation and beyond (5GB) networks, the basics of D2D communication, applications, and classification. Herein, D2D in in-band (IBD) and out-band (OBD) modes are discussed. This paper also presents the integration of D2D communication with other prominent technologies and demonstrates the importance of integration with possible solutions in improving network performance. We further investigate the challenges of D2D communication, opportunities, and future research directions of D2D in 5GB networks. In addition, D2D communication in 6G network challenges and open research areas are introduced.

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/9668973/09737127.pdf

Since the steep rise in mobile users and data rates, handling the higher rates of data is of major concern for any future wireless networks, mobile service providers are striving hard to handle such huge data with the efficient handover. Also, they are seeking techniques to establish communication between the user equipment (UE) without routing through the base station. Device-to-Device(D2D) technique can be used to establish the connection without routing through the base station. Therefore, the Peer-to-Peer(P2P) method which utilizes the D2D concept is expected to solve this problem with the seamless handover for future beyond 5G (B5G) wireless technology. In this paper, P2P mobility management using D2D communication for seamless handover is proposed. It is expected to be a key feature in the upcoming B5G technology. It allows direct communication between two devices in close proximity to each other. The seamless handover in P2P considers two operating modes, either Direct or D2D. In the latter, ground eNB (gNB) is identifying one nearby UE which is already either in connection or not active to configure as a relaying device to transfer data to the UE from the gNB. During the handover, the gNB is identifying the best operating mode (D2D or direct) for transferring the data towards the receiver UE. The proposed direct and D2D mode handover is verified and validated. The performance validation shows that D2D mode based handover provides better handover with negligible latency compared to the direct mode.

P2P mobility management for seamless handover using D2D communication in B5G wireless technology

Relay selection and power allocation for energy-load efficient network-coded cooperative unicast D2D communications

Device to Device communication is an important aspect of the fifth-generation(5G) and beyond fifth-generation (B5G) wireless networks. 5G facilitates network connectivity among a large number of devices. This tremendous growth in the number of devices requires a large number of spectrum resources to support a variety of applications and also lays a huge burden on the Base Station. D2D skips the need to forward the data to the Base Station and helps the devices to take part in direct Peer-to-Peer (P2P) transmission. This enables high-speed data transmission, efficient information transmission with improved latency and most importantly is used to offload the traffic that is laid on the Base Station. D2D has many practical issues and challenges that are briefly explained in this paper, out of which resource allocation is the main area of focus as it plays an important role in the performance of the system. The optimal allocation of resources such as power, time and spectrum can improve the system performance. Therefore, in order to identify the open research issues in the field of resource allocation in D2D communication, a detailed survey is needed. In this paper, various resource allocation algorithms and methodologies have been seriously analysed and evaluated based on the degree of involvement of the Base Station to figure out the research gap and to provide a strong theoretical basis for the research problems related to resource allocation in D2D communication.

Steffi Jayakumar

Papers

A review on resource allocation techniques in D2D communication for 5G and B5G technology

A wearable low profile asymmetrical slotted ultra-wide band antenna for WBAN applications

Reinforcement learning based distributed resource allocation technique in device-to-device (D2D) communication