Stephen A. Meserve

TL;DR: A new measure of democracy is synthesized from 10 extant scales, the Unified Democracy Scores (UDS), that is at least as reliable as the most reliable component measure and is accompanied by quantitative estimates of uncertainty in the level of democracy.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that MEPs seeking domestic careers defect from group leadership votes more frequently and oppose legislation that expands the purview of supranational institutions. And they show how individual, domestic-party and national-level variables shape the careers available to MEPs and, in turn, their voting choices.

TL;DR: Parties in list systems must select candidates to best accomplish their electoral, organizational, and policy goals as mentioned in this paper, and in particular, parties must balance nominees' policy-making potential against their electoral and organizational potential.

TL;DR: The authors assesses how political parties' candidate selection strategies influence women's descriptive parliamentary representation and finds that gender differences in candidate selection are largely explained by incumbency bias, although party ideology and female labor force participation help explain which parties prioritize the placement of novice women.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that government internet censorship occurs, in part, for political reasons, and seek to identify the conditions under which states censor. But these demand mechanisms are modulated by the relative influence that democratic institutions provide to narrow and diffuse interests; in particular, states with proportional electoral institutions censor less.