Showing papers by "Stephen J. Hawkins published in 1993"
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: The South Docks, Liverpool as discussed by the authors are one of many dock systems in the U.K. which, after a period of disuse, have been redeveloped under urban regeneration schemes.
Abstract: The South Docks, Liverpool are one of many dock systems in the U.K. which, after a period of disuse, have been. redeveloped under urban regeneration schemes. The South Docks are an interconnected chain of dock basins, with water depths of 3 to 10m. The water in the Docks is brackish (26–28 °/oo) and rich in nutrients. Water quality problems experienced included dense phytoplankton blooms (sometimes of potentially toxic dinoflagellate species), and periodic oxygen depletion. These problems were an impediment to the development scheme and solutions were required. Various methods of water quality control were examined in the South Docks. These included the introduction of a population of mussels (Mytilus edulis L.) to an experimental dock as a biological filter. Improvements in water clarity and benthic oxygen concentrations, due to reduced phytoplankton blooms, were associated with greatly increased mussel densities from both introductions and natural settlement. Reduced phytoplankton biomass occurred despite generally longer hours of bright sunshine, reduced zooplankton populations and similar nutrient concentrations in the years after mussel settlement. The changes in water quality have been described previously (Allen & Hawkins in press, Hawkins et al 1992).
3 citations