Functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are of great interest due to wide range applications, especially in nanomedicine. However, they face challenges preventing their further applications such as rapid agglomeration, oxidation, etc. Appropriate surface modification of IONPs can conquer these barriers with improved physicochemical properties. This review summarizes recent advances in the surface modification of IONPs with small organic molecules, polymers and inorganic materials. The preparation methods, mechanisms and applications of surface-modified IONPs with different materials are discussed. Finally, the technical barriers of IONPs and their limitations in practical applications are pointed out, and the development trends and prospects are discussed.

Surface Modification of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles.

Agro-industrial wastes as potential carriers for enzyme immobilization: A review.

Environmental impact of lignocellulosic wastes and their effective exploitation as smart carriers - A drive towards greener and eco-friendlier biocatalytic systems.

Valorization of agro-waste into value added products for sustainable development

In the last few decades, there has been a trend involving the use of nanoscale fillers in a variety of applications. Significant improvements have been achieved in the areas of their preparation and further applications (e.g., in industry, agriculture, and medicine). One of these promising materials is magnesium oxide (MgO), the unique properties of which make it a suitable candidate for use in a wide range of applications. Generally, MgO is a white, hygroscopic solid mineral, and its lattice consists of Mg2+ ions and O2− ions. Nanostructured MgO can be prepared through different chemical (bottom-up approach) or physical (top-down approach) routes. The required resultant properties (e.g., bandgap, crystallite size, and shape) can be achieved depending on the reaction conditions, basic starting materials, or their concentrations. In addition to its unique material properties, MgO is also potentially of interest due to its nontoxicity and environmental friendliness, which allow it to be widely used in medicine and biotechnological applications.

Synthesis, Properties and Selected Technical Applications of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles: A Review

The purpose of this study was to find the optimum conditions in synthesis of Biodiesel from Jatropha Curcas with heterogeneous catalyst of CaO and MgO by transesterification reaction using microwave. The research was conducted in five stages, that is determining acid number of Jatropha oil; esterification process; preparation of CaO and MgO catalysts; synthesis of biodiesel via transesterification reaction in various catalyst concentration and various times; identification and characterization of biodiesel involves the synthesis, testing TLC, GC-MS analysis, the index test bias, the density test, test the viscosity and acid number test. The results showed that optimum conditions the synthesis of biodiesel from Jatropha oil through transesterification reaction using microwaves produce yield 92.39% ± 0.04, with a catalyst concentration of 7.5% CaO-MgO. Furthermore, identification of compounds contained in biodiesel using GC-MS showed that biodiesel contains palmitoleic methyl compound (2.40%), methyl palmitate (21.20%), methyl oleate (62.40%), and methyl stearate (14.00%). We found also that the refractive index of the biodiesel is 1.465, the density of 0.888 g/mL, viscosity 4.23 cSt, and acid number is 0.58 mg KOH/g.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/1093/1/012047/pdf

Optimization of Synthesis of Biodiesel from Jatropha curcas L. with Heterogeneous Catalyst of CaO and MgO by Transesterification Reaction Using Microwave

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/515/1/012042/pdf

Methyl Ester Synthesis of Crude Palm Oil Off Grade Using the K2O/Al 2 O 3 Catalyst and Its Potential as Biodiesel

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/515/1/012082/pdf

Synthesis of Biodiesel from Low-Quality Crude Palm Oil with Heterogeneous Catalyst Cao-ZnO

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/509/1/012009/pdf

Catalytic cracking of waste frying oil using Ni-Fe/activated zeolite catalyst as a source of renewable energy

The purpose of this study was to convert glycerol into ethanol using the catalyst of activated natural zeolite/Cu assisted by ultrasonic. The catalyst was characterized using X-Ray Diffraction and BET isotherm adsorption. The degradation process carried out at the temperature of 60 °C and at various time of 1, 2, and 4 hours. The product of glycerol degradation was analyzed using Gas Chromatography. The results showed that the structure of natural zeolite was a mordenite. The BET analysis showed that the surface area of natural zeolite is 99.096 m2/g greater than that of natural zeolite impregnated Cu that is 6.597 m2/g. The total pores, however, a natural zeolite is 0.026 cm3 smaller than that of natural zeolite impregnated Cu that is 0.058 cm3. The highest yield of ethanol as the product of glycerol degradation was 3.704% produced when the sonication times is 2 hours using activated natural zeolite catalyst. The activated zeolite has a prospect to be used as a degradation reaction catalyst for molecules that goes through the Bronsted Lowry acid mechanism.

Sumari

Papers

Optimization of Synthesis of Biodiesel from Jatropha curcas L. with Heterogeneous Catalyst of CaO and MgO by Transesterification Reaction Using Microwave

Methyl Ester Synthesis of Crude Palm Oil Off Grade Using the K2O/Al 2 O 3 Catalyst and Its Potential as Biodiesel

Synthesis of Biodiesel from Low-Quality Crude Palm Oil with Heterogeneous Catalyst Cao-ZnO

Catalytic cracking of waste frying oil using Ni-Fe/activated zeolite catalyst as a source of renewable energy

Performance of Activated Natural Zeolite/Cu as a catalyst on Degradation of Glycerol into Ethanol Assisted by Ultrasonic