Vegetable oils (VOs), being our major dietary fat source, play a vital role in nourishment. Different VOs have highly contrasting fatty acid (FA) profiles and hence possess varying levels of health protectiveness. Consumption of a single VO cannot meet the recommended allowances of various FA either from saturated FA (SFA), monounsaturated FA (MUFA), polyunsaturated FA (PUFA), Ω-3 PUFAs, and medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs). Coconut oil (CO), flaxseed oil (FO), olive oil (OO), and sunflower oil (SFO) are among the top listed contrast VOs that are highly appreciated based on their rich contents of SFAs, Ω-3 PUFAs, MUFAs, and Ω-6 PUFA, respectively. Besides being protective against various disease biomarkers, these contrasting VOs are still inappropriate when consumed alone in 100% of daily fat recommendations. This review compiles the available data on blending of such contrasting VOs into single tailored blended oil (BO) with suitable FA composition to meet the recommended levels of SFA, MUFA, PUFA, MCTs, and Ω-3 to Ω-6 PUFA ratios which could ultimately serve as a cost-effective dietary intervention towards the health protectiveness and improvement of the whole population in general. The blending of any two or more VOs from CO, FO, OO, and SFO in the form of binary, ternary, or another type of blending was found to be very conclusive towards balancing FA composition; enhancing physiochemical and stability properties; and promising the therapeutic protectiveness of the resultant BOs.

An Intricate Review on Nutritional and Analytical Profiling of Coconut, Flaxseed, Olive, and Sunflower Oil Blends

This paper describes the feasibility of thermogravimetric-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (TGA-GC/MS) combined with data fusion and chemometrics for discrimination of various vegetable oils (soybean, rapeseed, peanut, sunflower, olive and camellia) and determination of adulteration of olive oil with soybean oil. Separate and fused data of TGA and GC/MS analysis of various vegetable oils were subjected to chemometric analyses by principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The results demonstrate that data fusion can effectively enhance the discrimination power of PCA-LDA model, with a prediction rate of 96.2% being obtained at the optimum weight ratio of GC/MS: TGA (0.9: 0.1). The developed method was applied to the determination of adulteration of olive oil with soybean oil, allowing for distinguishment between olive oil samples and adulterated oil samples with adulteration levels ranging from 25% to 75%, and a prediction rate of 100% was achieved. The newly developed method based on TGA-GC/MS technique in combination with data fusion provides a new idea for the authentication of vegetable oils. 

Discriminant analysis of vegetable oils by thermogravimetric-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry combined with data fusion and chemometrics without sample pretreatment

Background: The association between α-linolenic acid (ALA) and mortality is inconsistent and has not been summarized systematically. Objective: The purpose was to conduct a meta-analysis that synthesized the results of prospective cohort studies to investigate associations between ALA intake and mortality. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search on PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases on May 1, 2021, for relevant prospective cohort studies which reported associations of ALA (assessed by dietary surveys and/or ALA concentrations in body tissues) with mortality from all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and other diseases. Multivariable-adjusted relative risks (RRs) were pooled by a random or fixed-effects model. Results: A total of 34 prospective cohort studies, of which 17 reported dietary ALA intake, 14 for ALA biomarkers, and the remaining 3 reported both of intake and biomarkers. The studies included 6,58,634 participants, and deaths were classified into all-cause mortality (56,898), CVD mortality (19,123), and other diseases mortality (19,061). Pooled RRs of ALA intake were 0.93 (95% CI: 0.86, 1.01, I 2 = 71.2%) for all-cause mortality, 0.90 (95% CI: 0.83, 0.98, I 2 = 22.1%) for CVD mortality, and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.83, 1.06, I 2 = 73.3%) for other diseases mortality. The two-stage random-effects dose-response analysis showed a linear relationship between dietary ALA intake and CVD-mortality and each 0.5% energy increment of ALA intake was associated with a 5% lower risk of CVD-mortality (RR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.90, 1.00). Pooled RRs per SD increment of ALA biomarkers were 0.99 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.01, I 2 = 27%) for all-cause mortality, 1.00 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.03, I 2 = 0%) for CVD mortality and 0.98 (95% CI: 0.95, 1.01, I 2 = 0%) for other diseases mortality. Conclusions: This meta-analysis summarizing the available prospective cohort studies indicated that ALA intake was associated with reduced risk of mortality, especially CVD mortality. Our findings suggest that ALA consumption may be beneficial for death prevention. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO; identifier: CRD42021264532.

Dietary Intake and Biomarkers of α-Linolenic Acid and Mortality: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.

This study aimed to develop perilla fruit oil (PFO)-fortified soybean milk (PFO-SM), identify its sensory acceptability, and evaluate its health outcomes. Our PFO-SM product was pasteurized, analyzed for its nutritional value, and had its acceptability assessed by an experienced and trained descriptive panel (n = 100) based on a relevant set of sensory attributes. A randomized clinical trial was conducted involving healthy subjects who were assigned to consume deionized water (DI), SM, PFO-SM, or black sesame-soybean milk (BS-SM) (n = 48 each, 180 mL/serving) daily for 30 d. Accordingly, health indices and analyzed blood biomarkers were recorded. Consequently, 1% PFO-SM (1.26 mg ALA rich) was generally associated with very high scores for overall acceptance, color, flavor, odor, taste, texture, and sweetness. We observed that PFO-SM lowered levels of serum triglycerides and erythrocyte reactive oxygen species, but increased phagocytosis and serum antioxidant activity (p < 0.05) when compared to SM and BS-SM. These findings indicate that PFO supplementation in soybean milk could enhance radical-scavenging and phagocytotic abilities in the blood of healthy persons. In this regard, it was determined to be more efficient than black sesame supplementation. We are now better positioned to recommend the consumption of PFO-SM drink for the reduction of many chronic diseases. Randomized clinical trial registration (Reference number 41389) by IRSCTN Registry.

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Perilla Fruit Oil-Fortified Soybean Milk Intake Alters Levels of Serum Triglycerides and Antioxidant Status, and Influences Phagocytotic Activity among Healthy Subjects: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

The invention discloses a video network supervision system for food safety guarantee, comprising a monitoring command center and a central computer room, wherein the monitoring command center is in communication connection with the central computer room through a network, the central computer room is in communication connection with a terminal device of a social public user through the network, and the monitoring command center is in communication connection with a monitoring device in a kitchen of a monitored unit through the network. The video network supervision system disclosed by the invention can realize the all-round monitoring of the kitchen through the arrangement of the above hardware architecture, and can upload the picture, video and the like of the kitchen to a monitoring center for display, thereby realizing the monitoring of remote video images, being conducive to the all-round monitoring of the kitchens of catering enterprises, and being able to improve the monitoring strength.

Video network supervision system for food safety guarantee

Edible vegetable oils can provide most of the fatty acids, vitamin E, and certain phytochemicals necessary in the daily human diet to facilitate the required physiological activities. However, there are many types of edible vegetable oils on the market, and evaluating their nutritional quality is a matter of significant interest to consumers and producers. Most of the existing research studies that comparatively analyze and qualitatively describe the type, content, and proportion of nutrients in edible vegetable oil lack a comprehensive method for evaluating the nutritional quality of edible vegetable oil. Based on the physical and chemical analysis of fatty acids, vitamins, and phytochemicals in edible vegetable oil, this study aims to establish a model for a comprehensive evaluation of the nutritional quality of edible vegetable oils. The characteristic nutrients in edible vegetable oil were screened as the evaluation index, while the 2013 China Dietary Reference Intake and French Population Reference Intakes For Fatty Acids was considered the evaluation threshold. When each evaluation index in the edible vegetable oil reached the range stipulated by the reference intake of dietary nutrients, the index will get 1 point. The total score of each index was accumulated to evaluate the nutritional quality of the edible vegetable oils comprehensively. In this study, 13 edible vegetable oils, including low erucic acid rapeseed oil (in America, people usually call it canola oil), soybean oil, peanut oil, sunflower seed oil, flaxseed oil, edible blend oil, olive oil, palm oil, corn oil, camellia oil, peony seed oil, sacha inchi oil, and sesame oil, were selected as the evaluation objects because they are very common in China. Seven evaluation indexes were found for total saturated fatty acids (SFAs), atherogenic fatty acids (SFAs with 12, 14, and 16 carbon chains), monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids like linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid, vitamin E, and phytosterol. When the evaluation index met the evaluation threshold, it was scored 1 point. Scores ranged from 2 to 6. The highest scores were obtained from peony seed oil, flaxseed oil, low erucic acid rapeseed oil, and edible blend oil all of which were 6 points. The lowest score belonged to palm oil at 2 points. The higher the score, the higher the degree of satisfaction between the various nutrients in the edible vegetable oil and the dietary reference intake of this model is. This paper establishes a new method for the nutritional evaluation of edible vegetable oils, which is convenient for comparing the overall nutritional quality of different kinds of edible vegetable oils while providing a new technique for the extensive evaluation of edible vegetable oil.

Studying the Evaluation Model of the Nutritional Quality of Edible Vegetable Oil Based on Dietary Nutrient Reference Intake.

The utility model provides a food and beverage food nutrition safety video monitor system, this system includes: operation area headend equipment, it includes a plurality of cameras, sets up respectively in the different operation areas in dining room for absorb the video image of each operation area, web -transporting device for via network transmission video image, rear end supervisory equipment for the video image of each operation area is saved to the receipt, and carries out the video image management, and rear end supervisory equipment includes the server, and the server permits the user terminal visit because user terminal's request provides the video image of operation area to user terminal, dining room public region display device, it sets up at the dining room public region for the video image who shows the operation area. The utility model discloses especially, be applied to the campus dining room, let head of a family's accessible mobile internet, look over the school canteen condition in real time at terminals such as cell -phone, computers, ensure school canteen's food nutrition and safety more.

Food and beverage food nutrition safety video monitor system

The invention discloses a preparation method and an application of a protein nutritional food with an anti-fatigue efficacy, belongs to the field of functional foods and particularly relates to a food with a significant efficacy on sports fatigue relieving. The protein nutritional food prepared by adopting the method disclosed by the invention comprises the following main nutritional base materials in parts by weight: 44-46 parts of soy protein isolate and 53-55 parts of whey protein according to the detection of the nitrogen content of each protein. By adopting the protein nutritional food with equal nitrogen ratio, through seven-week nutrition intervention in a rat after loaded swimming in still water, the lactic dehydrogenase activity in the rat can be remarkably increased and the loaded swimming exhaustive time of the rat is prolonged on the premise of not increasing the weight of the rats. The food has an obvious efficacy on sports fatigue relieving and the average loaded swimming exhaustive time of the rat is up to 135 seconds, so that the food has a good utilization value in anti-fatigue functional food development.

Sun Junmao

Papers

Studying the Evaluation Model of the Nutritional Quality of Edible Vegetable Oil Based on Dietary Nutrient Reference Intake.

Food and beverage food nutrition safety video monitor system

Preparation method and application of protein nutritional food with anti-fatigue efficacy