This paper presents control and coordination algorithms for groups of vehicles. The focus is on autonomous vehicle networks performing distributed sensing tasks where each vehicle plays the role of a mobile tunable sensor. The paper proposes gradient descent algorithms for a class of utility functions which encode optimal coverage and sensing policies. The resulting closed-loop behavior is adaptive, distributed, asynchronous, and verifiably correct.

Coverage control for mobile sensing networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have become a leading solution in many important applications such as intrusion detection, target tracking, industrial automation, smart building and so on. Typically, a WSN consists of a large number of small, low-cost sensor nodes that are distributed in the target area for collecting data of interest. For a WSN to provide high throughput in an energy-efficient way, designing an efficient Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol is of paramount importance because the MAC layer coordinates nodes' access to the shared wireless medium. To show the evolution of WSN MAC protocols, this article surveys the latest progresses in WSN MAC protocol designs over the period 2002-2011. In the early development stages, designers were mostly concerned with energy efficiency because sensor nodes are usually limited in power supply. Recently, new protocols are being developed to provide multi-task support and efficient delivery of bursty traffic. Therefore, research attention has turned back to throughput and delay. This article details the evolution of WSN MAC protocols in four categories: asynchronous, synchronous, frame-slotted, and multichannel. These designs are evaluated in terms of energy efficiency, data delivery performance, and overhead needed to maintain a protocol's mechanisms. With extensive analysis of the protocols many future directions are stated at the end of this survey. The performance of different classes of protocols could be substantially improved in future designs by taking into consideration the recent advances in technologies and application demands.

The Evolution of MAC Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey

3. Classes should hide their data, we call this encapsulation, only providing a small number of controlled methods or functions in the interface for accessing that data. These factors taken together enable separation of interface from implementation. The actual designs of the algorithms employed inside the classes can be changed as better, more efficient algorithms are found. After a design is complete, changes in a class implementation must not affect its interface. The effect on current and future users is then only in terms of efficiency: their applications need not be recoded to take advantage of the new class implementation. The advantages of separation of interface from implementation include rapid prototyping and graceful refinement. See Fig. 3.

Object-Oriented Analysis and Design.

Graph theory, network theory, and circuit theory are increasingly being used to quantify multiple aspects of habitat connectivity and protected areas There has been an explosive proliferation of network (connectivity) measures, resulting in over 60 measures for ecologists to now choose from Conceptual clarification on the ecological meaning of these network measures and their interrelationships is overdue We present a framework that categorizes network measures based on the connectivity property that they quantify (ie, route-specific flux, route redundancy, route vulnerability, and connected habitat area) and the structural level of the habitat network to which they apply The framework reveals a lack of network measures in the categories of "route-specific flux among neighboring habitat patches" and "route redundancy at the level of network components" We propose that network motif and path redundancy measures can be developed to fill the gaps in these categories The value of this framework lies in its ability to inform the selection and application of network measures Ultimately, it will allow a better comparison among graph, network, and circuit analyses, which will improve the design and management of connected landscapes

Connectivity for conservation: a framework to classify network measures

The Semantic Web 10

The present invention relates to a method for measuring a location of a radio frequency identification (RFID) reader by using beacons, and an RFID system for measuring a location of a moving RFID reader in an RFID system comprising: a plurality of beacon devices for emitting beacons; an RFID tag for transmitting pre-stored information by using radio frequency identification; and an RFID reader for calculating a current location using a plurality of at least three beacons wherein the RFID reader receives the plurality of beacons from the plurality of beacon devices while moving, and receiving the information from the RFID tag by using the radio frequency identification. According to the present invention, it is possible to increase the accuracy of the location measurement of a moving RFID reader in an RFID system because the location of the RFID reader is measured in consideration of propagation environments.

Method for measuring location of radio frequency identification reader by using beacon

Disclosed is a communication apparatus between distributed objects comprising: a plurality of separate software buses adapted to determine whether or not a communication service of which function and property is provided in a distributed platform; a platform administrator adapted to build and administrate a communication architecture in the distributed platform; a bus manager adapted to manage both a standard of types of the plurality of software buses and a bus object instance in the distributed platform by a strategic plan and an instruction of the platform administrator; a bus trader adapted to provide a trade function through an interaction with the bus manager, and a client object and a server object of an application level; an object trader adapted to allow the client to dynamically find an appropriate server; a repository adapted to provide a function which stores persistently instance information and various types of the plurality of software buses; a bus adapter adapted to provide the client and server objects with an application programing interface (API) associated with a bus binding process for use of the distributed platform, and adapted to perform a necessary trade and the bus binding process through an interaction with the bus trader and the plurality of buses; and a bus factory adapted to create a bus object coinciding with the standard of types of the plurality of software buses.

Communication apparatus and method between distributed objects

An underwater wireless communication system and method includes a sensor node for transforming measured underwater data into ultrasound signals, and transmitting the transformed ultrasound signals and receiving other ultrasound signals.

System and method for underwater wireless communication

A method for establishing a path between nodes in a wireless network system. A source node broadcasts a route request (RREQ) packet for a destination node. A mobile node between the source node and the destination node, upon receiving the RREQ packet, appends a redundancy degree with respect to an adjacent node to the RREQ packet and broadcasts the RREQ packet. The destination node selects an optimal path by checking the redundancy degree received along each path when the RREQ packet is received along multiple paths, and the destination node establishes an optimal path to the source node by transmitting a route reply (RREP) packet along the optimal path. Accordingly, the path is established suitable for the quality of service of data to be transmitted and a lost path is promptly recoverable by reference to information stored at each mobile node identifying redundant paths available to the mobile node.

Network system for establishing path using redundancy degree and method thereof

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are being used in many applications ranging from target surveillance in battle fields to intelligent home networking. From the recent applications, in which the WSNs are used, we can find the border surveillance applications. The first aim of this class of applications is to monitor a country border and detect the presence of the intruders near this border line. In this paper, we propose a global framework based on WSNs to design such applications. Then, we investigate the architectural issues needed to ensure good detection and tracking of the targets. We also propose a deployment strategy of nodes and the routing technique used to transmit the data through the network nodes.

Sunshin An

Papers

Method for measuring location of radio frequency identification reader by using beacon

Communication apparatus and method between distributed objects

System and method for underwater wireless communication

Network system for establishing path using redundancy degree and method thereof

Border surveillance using sensor based thick-lines