There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

Objective: Describe objectively the global gaps in policy, data gathering capacity, and resources to develop and implement services to support child mental health. Methods: Report on the World health Organization (WHO) child and adolescent mental health resources Atlas project. The Atlas project utilized key informants and was supplemented by studies that focused on policy. This report also draws on current epidemiological studies to provide a context for understanding the magnitude of the clinical problem. Results: Current global epidemiological data consistently reports that up to 20% of children and adolescents suffer from a disabling mental illness; that suicide is the third leading cause of death among adolescents; and that up to 50% of all adult mental disorders have their onset in adolescence. While epidemiological data appears relatively uniform globally, the same is not true for policy and resources for care. The gaps in resources for child mental health can be categorized as follows: economic, manpower, training, services and policy. Key findings from the Atlas project include: lack of program development in low income countries; lack of any policy in low income countries and absent specific comprehensive policy in both low and high income countries; lack of data gathering capacity including that for country-level epidemiology and services outcomes; failure to provide social services in low income countries; lack of a continuum of care; and universal barriers to access. Further, the Atlas findings underscored the need for a critical analysis of the 'burden of disease' as it relates to the context of child and adolescent mental disorders, and the importance of defining the degree of 'impairment' of specific disorders in different cultures. Conclusions: The recent finding of substantial gaps in resources for child mental health underscores the need for enhanced data gathering, refinement of the economic argument for care, and need for innovative training approaches. Language: en

Child and adolescent mental disorders: the magnitude of the problem across the globe

Background. This paper describes an ongoing, international dialogue about the relationship between occupation, justice, and client-centred practice, prompted by the question: How do occupational therapists work for justice? Methods. The authors critically reflect on their own dialogue and culturally situated interests, dialogues with workshop participants, and a literature review. Results. Four cases of occupational injustice are proposed: occupational alienation, occupational deprivation, occupational marginalization, and occupational imbalance. The naming of these occupational injustices suggests four occupational rights: to experience meaning and enrichment in one's occupations; to participate in a range of occupations for health and social inclusion; to make choices and share decision-making power in daily life; and to receive equal privileges for diverse participation in occupations. Practice Implications. Since silence implies compliance with the status quo, the authors encourage occupational therap...

Occupational justice and client-centred practice: A dialogue in progress

Since 1989, international efforts to end protracted conflicts have included sustained investments in the disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration (DDR) of combatants. Yet while policy analyst...

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Demobilization and Reintegration

Women's expectations and experiences of childbirth.

CANADIAN WOMAN STUDIES/LES CAHIERS DE LA FEMME Council Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security. Vancouver: Liu Institute for Global Issues, University of British Columbia, 2004. Human Rights Watch. The War Within the War: Sexual Violence Against Women and Girls in Eastern Congo. 2002. Online: http://hrw. org/reports/2002/drc. Human Rights Watch. Struggling To Survive: Barriers to Justice for Rape Victims in Rwanda. 2004. Online . Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) Task Force on Gender and Humanitarian Assistance Guidelines for Gender-based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Settings. Focusing on Prevention of and Response to Sexual Violence in Emergencies. 2005. Online :http:// www.humanitarian info.org/iasc/ c o n t e n t / p r o d u c t s / d o c s / t f g e n d e r _ G B V G u i d e l i n e s 2005.pdf McKay, Susan and Dyan Mazurana. Where are the Girls? Girls in Fighting Forces in Northern Uganda, Sierra Leone and Mozambique: Their Lives During and After War. Montreal: Rights and Democracy. Ottawa: CIDA, 2004. NGO Working Group on Women, Peace and Security. Four years On: An Alternative Report and Progress Check on the Implementation of Security Council Resolution 1325. Online: http://www.peacewomen. o r g / u n / U N 1 3 2 5 / u n / n g o / ngopub/FourYearsOnOct04.pdf. United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) and Save the Children–UK Note for Implementing and Operational Partners on Sexual Violence and Exploitation: The Experience of Refugee Children in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. 2002 Online: http://www.savethechildren. org.uk/scuk_cache/scuk/cache/ cmsattach/1550_unhcr-scuk_ wafrica_report.pdf. faded to deep peony from the original rose, but ever small and elegant as would become any young lady who traveled in the cool days of Frank and Ella, wearing white gloves like Grace and a knotted silk square like Audrey.

Where Are the Girls? Girls in Fighting Forces in Northern Uganda, Sierra Leone and Mozambique: Their Lives During and After War

The question "Where are the girls?" is seldom raised in discussions about children or adolescents who are members of fighting forces and groups. This is due in large part to the near exclusive focus on boy soldiers. Consequently, scant attention has been given to girls' active involvement and distinct experiences in these forces and groups, whether as combatants or noncombatants. The purpose of this article is to explicate the presence and experiences of girls in fighting forces and groups and some of the challenges they face after they leave these forces and groups and attempt to resume their lives within their communities. We use descriptive data gathered from a wide variety of organizational and scholarly reports to identify girls' involvement and roles in these forces and groups, detail how they are recruited and demobilized, and examine common physical and psychosocial effects of their participation. We contend that during and after armed conflicts, gender-specific physical and psychological impacts ...

Girls in fighting forces and groups: Their recruitment, participation, demobilization, and reintegration.

This article discusses the gender-specific effects of armed conflict on girls and women that are addressed by the Machel Study. Among the most traumatic of these effects is sexual exploitation and gender-based violence, each having profound psychosocial consequences. Other gendered effects occur when girls are recruited as child soldiers, girls and women become internally and externally displaced refugees, and public health services, such as reproductive health care, are inadequate or unavailable. The Machel Study emphasizes women's proactive roles as peacebuilders and challenges governmental and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to focus greater attention upon building women's capacities in order to better protect children's physical and psychosocial well-being.

The Effects of Armed Conflict on Girls and Women

When young mothers, formerly associated with armed groups, return to communities, they are typically social isolated, stigmatised, and marginalised. This creates reintegration challenges for themselves, and their communities. Their children face child protection problems such as neglect, rejection a

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Susan McKay

Papers

Where Are the Girls? Girls in Fighting Forces in Northern Uganda, Sierra Leone and Mozambique: Their Lives During and After War

Girls in fighting forces and groups: Their recruitment, participation, demobilization, and reintegration.

The Effects of Armed Conflict on Girls and Women

Building meaningful participation in reintegration among war-affected young mothers in Liberia, Sierra Leone and Northern Uganda

Post-traumatic stress in former Ugandan child soldiers.