The family planning programmes have been in operation in India for more than five decades. Family Planning refers to the practices that help individuals or couples to avoid unwanted births bring about wanted births regulate the intervals between pregnancies; control the time at which births occurs in relation to the age of parents and determines the number of children in the family. To assess the family planning programme KAP of family planning among various populations is evaluated from time to time by various agencies. Keeping this in mind the present study was conducted among Gujjars of Delhi. The data for the present study was collected by interviewing ever-married Gujjar women aged 15-49 years from a sample of 558 households. Among Gujjars the knowledge of family planning methods is widespread. Also majority of women have favourable attitude towards family planning. However there is a gap between the knowledge and the practice of contraception among Gujjars. Female sterilization is far the most popular contraceptive method. (authors)

Demographic Study of Gujjars of Delhi: IV. KAP of Family Planning

Recent Indian studies indicate stagnation in decline of child mortality, though various health care interventions were introduced during the last 2 decades. This study examined the rates of infant and child mortality and associated demographic and socioeconomic factors in 2 socioeconomically vulnerable populations, comprising 195 Munda and 334 Poundrakshatriya women having similar access to health care facilities in a periurban region of Kolkata city. Higher infant mortality rate (IMR) was noted in the older and younger Munda women, in contrast to lower IMR in younger Pod women. Child mortality rate was lower in younger women in both the ethnic groups. Stagnation in IMR in younger Munda women indicates poor delivery practices whereas lower rate among the Pod reflects better adoption of safe delivery practices. Differential association of factors with infant and child deaths in the 2 populations indicate that a better understanding of determinants in culturally heterogeneous populations at the community or household level is needed to develop more effective strategies for child survival and development.

Determinants of infant and child mortality in periurban areas of Kolkata city, India.

Government of India is following a non-coercive approach in promoting family planning methods. Despite its strenuous efforts through a vast network of functionaries there appears a gap between the achievements and targets. Deciding upon the desired size of the family is influenced by a variety of factors such as socio-economic cultural attitudinal and behavioural. Scheduled Tribe population are categorized as a special group in the National Health Policy for extending the health care services. This paper attempts to study the extent of knowledge and use of contraception among Racha Koyas a tribal population from Warangal district of Andhra Pradesh. It is noticed that the level of knowledge of contraceptive methods among the women interviewed is satisfactory and there is scope for improving the acceptance rate. Preferred methods are the permanent methods of sterilization while the spacing methods are not popular. The treatment seeking behaviour of these women with regard to the health problems due to contraceptives is encouraging as they are accepting and inclined towards modern health care services. (authors)

Knowledge and Use of Contraception Among Racha Koyas of Andhra Pradesh

KEYWORDS Demographic Variables. Population Structure. Socio-Economic Profile. Age-Sex Pyramid. Semi-Urban ABSTRACT The importance and application of demographic studies is ever increasing. Keeping this in mind, a demographic study was conducted on Hindu Gujjars. No detailed demographic study has been conducted on Gujjars of Delhi so far. Population composition of Gujjars residing in Delhi was evaluated. The survey was conducted in five Gujjar predominated villages. Data was collected by interviewing ever-married women in the age group 15-49 years from a sample of 558 households. Sample Gujjars represents a young population which has recently experienced fertility decline. Sex ratio is high. All the females and nearly all males have ever been married by age of 29 years. There is no case of divorce or separation. Overall, among Gujjars though the literacy is high, the level of education attained is low. Younger Gujjars particularly the females show improvement in the level of education. Negligible proportions of females are employed. Many of them have combined their traditional occupation of pastoralism and marginal cultivation by working in private sectors, government offices and small businesses. Residence characteristics indicate semi-urbanized nature of settlement.

Demographic Study of Gujjars of Delhi: I. Population Structure and Socio-cultural Profile

“Education for all” is a global slogan and government of Pakistan is committed to achieve the goal of Universalization of primary education. For this government is establishing new schools in remote areas so that more and more children can get access to school. Publicprivate partnership and collaboration with non-government organizations are the steps to attain the level of Universalization of primary education. Government is trying to make schools attractive for children, and is introducing schemes to attract parents as well. There are number of problems like poverty, ignorance, low quality teaching, which affects the government efforts. The aim of the study is to highlight the problems in universalization of primary education in Pakistan. A questionnaire was developed on five point Likert scale for knowing the opinion of teachers about the problems in the universalization of primary education. Each statement of the questionnaire was checked by using chi-square technique. It was found that poverty, lack of awareness about importance of education, cultural values are the main problems in achieving universalization of primary education. On the basis of findings it is recommended that awareness about education may be created among the parents, Public schools play their role in decreasing the dropout rate, School Curriculum may design as which match the work place, teachers may be appointed in the far flung areas , Local Community may be involved. It is also considered by people that public institutions are not catering quality education, this notion may be abolished.

Problems in Universalization of Primary Education in Pakistan

Mortality measures and determinants have been presented for the caste croups of Kumaun and the Bhotia tubal groups from Uttar Pradesh hills or Uttarakhand The various population groups reveal diffe...

Anthropo-Demographic Study Among the Caste and Tribal Groups of Central Himalayas: 3. Mortality Differentials and Determinants

Anthropo-Demographic Study Among the Caste and Tribal Groups of Central Himalayas: 5. Family Planning

Anthropo-Demographic Study Among the Caste and Tribal Groups of Central Himalayas: 1. Population Structure

Statistical tools mainly multiple regression, have been utilised to study the impact of various variables on fertility, infant and child mortality and usage of family planning methods among the cas...

Sushmita Paul Chachra

Papers

Anthropo-Demographic Study Among the Caste and Tribal Groups of Central Himalayas: 3. Mortality Differentials and Determinants

Anthropo-Demographic Study Among the Caste and Tribal Groups of Central Himalayas: 5. Family Planning

Anthropo-Demographic Study Among the Caste and Tribal Groups of Central Himalayas: 1. Population Structure

Anthropo-Demographic Study Among the Caste and Tribal Groups of Central Himalayas: 6. Fertility, Child Mortality and Family Planning

Anthropo-Demographic Study Among the Caste and Tribal Groups of Central Himalayas: 4. Selection Intensities