다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

With the development of technologies in recent decades and the imposition of international standards to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, car manufacturers have turned their attention to new technologies related to electric/hybrid vehicles and electric fuel cell vehicles. This paper focuses on electric fuel cell vehicles, which optimally combine the fuel cell system with hybrid energy storage systems, represented by batteries and ultracapacitors, to meet the dynamic power demand required by the electric motor and auxiliary systems. This paper compares the latest proposed topologies for fuel cell electric vehicles and reveals the new technologies and DC/DC converters involved to generate up-to-date information for researchers and developers interested in this specialized field. From a software point of view, the latest energy management strategies are analyzed and compared with the reference strategies, taking into account performance indicators such as energy efficiency, hydrogen consumption and degradation of the subsystems involved, which is the main challenge for car developers. The advantages and disadvantages of three types of strategies (rule-based strategies, optimization-based strategies and learning-based strategies) are discussed. Thus, future software developers can focus on new control algorithms in the area of artificial intelligence developed to meet the challenges posed by new technologies for autonomous vehicles.

Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles—A Brief Review of Current Topologies and Energy Management Strategies

In this paper a novel L-impedance network based DC-DC converter integrated with capacitor-inductor-diode (CLD) cell is proposed. The L-impedance network based DC-DC converter is also named as switched inductor boost converter (SIBC) due to its high boosting nature of voltage. The inductors present in the SIBC are responsible for boosting nature and hence high voltage gain. The CLD cell consisting of two diodes, two capacitors and one inductor integrated with SIBC simultaneously increases the voltage gain as well as reduces the voltage stress across the active switch of DC-DC converter. So, the proposed SIBC-CLD has high voltage gain with reduced voltage stress in the active switch. The analysis is carried out through Matlab/Simulink in order to validate the theoretical aspects. Along with this a detail comparison has been made between the proposed SIBC–CLD with classical boost converter (CBC), classical boost converter with CLD (CBC-CLD) and classical switched inductor boost converter (SIBC).

L-Impedance Network based DC-DC Converter with CLD Cell Integration

Photovoltaics are generally used to convert solar energy into electrical energy. If the number of photovoltaic module are limited, then the output voltage will be small. In order to connect the inverter to the grid directly without any transformer devices, it requires extra high gain boost converter. In practice, conventional boost converter only able to increase the input voltage about 4 times. Therefore, this research will implement and analyze the performances of integrated quadratic-boost-zeta high gain DC-DC converter for photovoltaic application. The advantage of this converter is having a high ratio voltage conversion with a small duty cycle and requires few components. From the experiment, this converter can convert input voltage from 18 V to 330 V on duty cycle of 65,92%.

Application of High Gain Zeta Converter For Photovoltaic System

This paper presents the design of a multiphase cascaded DC-DC boost converter with high efficiency and optimization of inductance value. The multiphase cascaded DC-DC boost converter is a converter that has a very high gain level and low input current ripple. The study begins with the derivation of the loss equation in the converter, and the results are used for the optimization process. Previous research with the same converter has achieved an efficiency of 85.8%. The selection of inductance value will affect the resistance value of the inductor so that efficiency will increase. However, the winding manufacturing technique and the selection of the inductor core are also determined. By applying the proposed multiphase cascaded DC-DC boost converter with a proper inductor and switching conduction mode, the inverter efficiency can be improved up to 5% which reached 89.19% in laboratory tests. While in critical conduction mode (CRM), at 0.15 mH inductance, efficiency is 86.23%. Experimental work verifies the proposed design and analysis. 

High Efficiency Multiphase Cascaded DC-DC Boost Converters With Inductance Optimization

Currently, there are a lot of renewable energy potential research focusing on the potential of photovoltaic and fuel cell. However, the main problem in photovoltaic and fuel cell application is only able to generate low output voltage. In order to increase the voltage, converter device is required before applied to the load. The dc-dc boost converter is one kind of converter which used for increasing output voltage. However, a conventional boost converter is only optimally worked in 2–3 times conversion rate of the input voltage, so this converter can not supply the load with high voltage rate. This research implements high voltage gain converter based on B×B topology for fuel cell application. The advantages of high voltage gain dc-dc boost converter is having conversion rate and high efficiency also has a simple implementation and it will be compatible to be applied in renewable energy sources with dc low voltage, such as photovoltaic and fuel cell. From the implementation results, the high gain dc-dc converter can improve the voltage gain about 4.5 times and able to be implemented with fuel cell application.

Suw Ito

Papers

Implementation of High Voltage Gain DC-DC Boost Converter for Fuel Cell Application