National policy on education

The Economics Of Development And Planning - Eighth Edition

This study employs the ordinary least square regression analysis to examine the impact of
human capital development on economic growth of Nigeria, using annual time series date
from 1981 to 2015. The empirical results show that human capital development has
significant impact on economic growth, as proxy by the gross domestic product. In line with
theory, the human capital development indicators namely secondary school enrolment,
tertiary school enrolment, total government expenditure on health and total government
expenditure on education exhibit positive and statistically significant impact on economic
growth of Nigeria which implies that these indicators are indispensable in the achievement of
growth in the Nigerian economy. However, life expectancy and primary school enrolment
exhibit a negative and statistically insignificant impact on economic growth of Nigeria. The
study concluded that the Nigerian government should ensure to allocate adequate resources
for the development of human capital in order to enhance economic growth in Nigeria. The
study also recommended that going forward the government and policy makers should
increase its total expenditure on education, ensure sufficient budgetary allocation on health
expenditure, and ensure a standard is set across all secondary and tertiary institutions in the
country so that proper human capital required for any individual to become productive and
economic growth is enhanced

Human capital development and economic growth in nigeria

Population growth has remained a key issue facing developing economies in the world. While developed countries are experiencing diminished or negative population growth, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa including Nigeria are having population growth above the economic growth rate. With the deadline for the sustainable development goals approaching, attention is increasingly being focused on population growth and human capital development. Extant literature focused on population growth, human resource utilization and economic growth but this study aims to examine the effect of population growth on human resource utilization.,Using secondary data for the period 1990-2018, the study conducted unit root test and co-integration analyses to determine the stationarity and correlation in the long-run in the variables. The study used the error correction model to ascertain the speed at which shocks can be corrected in the long-run. Granger causality test was also carried out to ascertain the direction of causality among the variables.,The empirical results revealed that population growth has a negative and significant effect on human resource utilization. The study also revealed that unidirectional causality runs from employment rate to population growth rate and a unidirectional causality runs from employment growth rate to expected years of schooling. The Nigerian Government needs to not only control population growth but also focus on the quality of education.,The paper provides insights into the relationship between population growth and human capital utilization in Nigeria focusing on the 1986-2018 period.

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Population growth and human resource utilization nexus in Nigeria

In contemporary economics literatures human capital accumulation is considered as one of the major determinants of economic growth. To this effect, this study used empirical econometric model to analyse the impact of education and health (human capital) on economic growth from 1980-2013 in Ethiopia. Human capital stock is proxied by primary, secondary and tertiary school enrolment. Human capital investment is proxied by expenditure on education and health.  Augmented Dickey Fuller test and Johansen’s Co-integration technique were used to test unit root and to validate co-integration among variables, respectively.  The findings of the study have shown public expenditure on health and education, primary and secondary school enrolment have positive statistically significant effect on economic growth both in long run and short run. In addition, physical capital has positive whilst inflation has negative effect on economic growth. However, tertiary school enrolment has insignificant effect on economic growth both in long run and short run. Based on these findings exceling an effort to increase primary and secondary school enrolment is recommended. In addition, substantial amount of government expenditure should be allocated towards health and education sectors to further increase contribution of the sectors to economic growth. Keywords : Economic Growth, Health, Education, Time Series Model, Human Capital

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The Impact of Human Capital on Economic Growth in Ethiopia

The role of human capital in the growth process of any nation is crucial. It is a major tool for poverty reduction. The main aim of this paper is to carry out an empirical investigation on the relationship between investment in education, health and economic growth in Nigeria, using time series data from 1982 to 2011. This paper employs trend analysis, the Johansen  cointegration and ordinary least square technique. Empirical findings  however indicate that there is a long-run relationship between government expenditure on education, health and economic growth. The variables: health and education expenditure, secondary and tertiary enrolment rate and gross fixed capital formation appear with the expected positive signs and are statistically significant (except government expenditure on  education and primary enrolment rate). The findings of this work have strong implications on education and health policies and considering that they are of great debate in the country. Therefore, this study recommends that in order to accelerate growth and liberate Nigerians from the vicious cycle of poverty, the government should put in place policies geared towards massive investment in the education and health. Key words : Economic growth, Human Capital, Education, Health and Gross fixed capital formation.

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SV Jaiyeoba

Papers

Human Capital Investment and Economic Growth in Nigeria