Twenty-four children, from 10 to 20 years old, with asthma treated with beta 2-adrenoceptor agonists were matched with healthy controls of the same age, sex, and social background. Stimulated whole and parotid saliva was collected, and decayed and filled tooth surfaces as well as oral hygiene habits were recorded. The dietary and sugar intake was carefully checked by a four-day dietary record. The asthmatic children had a 26% lower (p less than 0.05) value for secretion rate of whole saliva. Seventy percent of the children with Streptococcus mutans counts greater than 2 X 10(5) colony-forming units/mL of whole saliva belonged to the asthmatic group (p less than 0.05). The concentrations of total protein and amylase in parotid saliva were significantly lower for the asthmatic children. The concentrations of potassium, salivary peroxidase, bacteria-aggregating glycoproteins, and secretory IgA were not affected, but the secretion rate of parotid saliva was 36% lower in the asthma group (p less than 0.05). Oral hygiene and dietary habits did not differ between the groups. The asthmatic children had higher DFS scores, but these were not significantly different from those of the healthy controls (p = 0.07). We suggest that subjects with asthma treated with beta 2-receptor agonists should receive special prophylactic attention.

Effect of beta 2-adrenoceptor agonists on saliva proteins and dental caries in asthmatic children.

Asthma is the most frecuent disease in childhood. en percent of the pediatric population suffer from this chronic inflamatory disorder of the airway. It is characterized by an hiperreactivity of lise muscle of the airway, in response to different stimulus, that produce a reversible obstruccion of airway. Actually the most frecuent way of treatment is the inhalatory therapy. All these agents produce secundary effects; oral disease are some of them. This publication analizes the more common factors related with several oral health conditions associated with asthma.

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Efecto de los medicamentos inhalados en la salud oral de los pacientes asmáticos

Publisher Summary Reports on over- the- counter stimulants, amphetamines, xanthine derivatives, non-theophylline related respiratory stimulants, anorectic agents, and nootropic agents are briefly mentioned. Moderate doses of caffeine (180 and 360 mg) were shown to cause significant hypokalemia in healthy volunteers. Phenylpropanolamine has caused behavioral disturbances, changes of mood or even psychosis; the central stimulant effects of even a normal 25 mg anorexic dose seem to be sufficient to cause derangement in certain individuals. Use of Phenylpropanolamine is still being recommended for allergic and vasomotor rhinitis as well as in the management of obesity. Propylhexedrine is another example of a drug which is sold for valid purpose but misused by certain individuals. Cases of psychosis, cardiac and pulmonary problems, as well as sudden death, have been reported following its abuse. Combined use of methylphenidate and narcotic analgesics has been proposed for the treatment of cancer pain. Most of the problems arising with Pemoline relate to the CNS, but organic complications including derangements of liver function have been described in both the old and the young. Tolerability, toxicity and the correlation of clinical symptoms and serum theophylline level are briefly described. Sustained-release theophylline preparations are usually well tolerated. Aminophylline, a xanthine derivative as a complex of theophylline and ethylenediamine, can exhibit the adverse effects of either of its components. Bamifylline is a new xanthine derivative with theophylline-like activity and a prolonged plasma half-life. It is claimed to be safer than slow release Aminophylline. When the cardiovascular effects of enprophylline (which has no adenosine receptor antagonism) and of theophylline (an adenosine receptor antagonist) were compared in healthy subjects, no important differences were found. Aminorex, Fenfluramine and Mazindol are anaorectic agents.

Szargel R

Papers

Salivary composition in asthmatic children on theophylline.