Dual role of microalgae: Phycoremediation of domestic wastewater and biomass production for sustainable biofuels production

Treatment processes for source-separated urine.

https://opus.lib.uts.edu.au/bitstream/10453/122638/4/Xie%20et%20al_Water%20Research%20accepted.pdf

Membrane-based processes for wastewater nutrient recovery: Technology, challenges, and future direction

Application of response surface methodology (RSM) for optimization of ammoniacal nitrogen removal from semi-aerobic landfill leachate using ion exchange resin

Removal of ammonium from municipal wastewater using natural Turkish (Dogantepe) zeolite

https://www.zeocat.es/docs/waterammonia2.pdf

Ammonia removal from wastewater by ion exchange in the presence of organic contaminants.

The continuous removal of ammonium ions and other ionic pollutants from waste waters can be successfully achieved, usually after secondary biological treatment operations, by using ion exchange. In actual industrial operations, the presence of small concentrations of other non-ionic or weakly ionic pollutants may exert significant influence upon the ion-exchange uptake of the ionic species. Such effects are of significant importance in the design and specification of ion-exchange treatment systems. The underlying aim of the work described in this paper was to quantify the behaviour of the naturally occurring zeolite, clinoptilolite, during the removal of ammonium ion in fixed-bed ion-exchange columns in the presence of contaminants. There were two specific areas of investigation. Firstly, the effects of interfering species, including the organic compounds citric acid, phenol, hexane, glucose, natural sunflower oil and whey protein, were studied. The effect of the presence of these contaminants upon the column breakthrough behaviour was determined. Secondly, the effect of regeneration upon the ion-exchange performance was measured over a number of uptake/regeneration cycles. The results show that the presence of citric acid had only a small effect upon column breakthrough capacity. The column performance in the presence of whey protein is slightly enhanced. The column uptake performance is significantly enhanced after regeneration over the first four to five cycles of regeneration until a stable exchange performance is attained. The enhancement was also observed in the presence of the contaminants. Copyright © 2007 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Continuous ion-exchange removal of ammonium ion onto clinoptilolite in the presence of contaminants

Adsorption using activated carbon and ion-exchange is used to remove a range of organic compounds and ammonia respectively from treated wastewaters. Such treatment may follow secondary biological treatment to reduce BOD. Organic nitrogen (e.g. proteins) is degraded to ammonia and residual organic compounds may also be present following secondary treatment. Residual organic compounds may be those which are recalcitrant and may include fatty acids, aromatic compounds, and detergents. Adsorption and ion exchange may offer an alternative to further biological treatment. Possible advantages include good response to shock loading, and low sensitivity to variations in temperature, pH, and anti-microbial activity. Three areas of investigation were undertaken and are described here; adsorption of organic acids onto activated carbon, the adsorption of aromatic compounds and proteins onto activated carbon and onto ion exchange resins, and the ion exchange removal of ammonium from an actual waste-water in the presence of organic compounds. Three cationic ion exchangers were studied: Clinoptilolite, Dowex 50w-x8 and, Purolite MN500. Three adsorbents were evaluated: two samples of activated carbon: Norit GAC 1240, and Aldrich activated carbon; and crushed glass (AFM). The results show that phenol, benzoic acid, methanoic, ethanoic, and propionic acid were successfully adsorbed on to the activated carbon. AFM was an ineffective adsorbent. It was also shown that successful ammonium removal by ion exchange in the presence of organic compounds was possible. In the presence of real wastewater, there were significant variations in the removal performance.

/pdf/removal-of-ammonium-and-organic-compounds-by-ion-exchange-42eenc6554.pdf

T. C. Jorgensen

Papers

Ammonia removal from wastewater by ion exchange in the presence of organic contaminants.

Continuous ion-exchange removal of ammonium ion onto clinoptilolite in the presence of contaminants

Removal of ammonium and organic compounds by ion exchange and adsorption